Lachmans TEST REVIEW (PERSONAL Abdomen) (Part1)

Question 1

What nevers are in danger with an indirect inguinal hernia?

Answer 1

Ilioinguinal, Ilioinguinal, iliohypogastric

Question 2

What vesseles are in danger with an indirect inguinal hernia?

Answer 2

Superficial epigastric a. and v, Superficial external pudendal a & v, Inferior epigastric a

Question 3

Ilioinguinal Nerve – passes through the ____ and supplies ?

Answer 3

Superficial ring

Skin of the anterior portion of scrotum and inner thigh

Question 4

The Superficial epigastric a. and v: ascend in a medial direction across the ??

Answer 4

Midportion of the inguinal ligament

Question 5

Superficial external pudendal a & v run??

Answer 5

Superficial to the spermatic cord

Question 6

Inferior epigastric… lies ?? and is a part of ?

Answer 6

Medial to the deep inguinal ring

Forms the boundary of the inguinal triangle

Question 7

What are the boundaries of the inguinal triangle ?

Answer 7

Inferior epigastric a. (superolaterally),
Rectus abdominis (medially)
Inguinal ligament (inferiorly)

Question 8

What is the innermost layer of the abdominal wall?

Answer 8

Parietal peritoneum.

Question 9

Where does the testis develop in the abdominal wall layers?

Answer 9

Extraperitoneal layer.

Question 10

What layer is evaginated at the deep inguinal ring and becomes the internal spermatic fascia?

Answer 10

Transversalis fascia.

Question 11

Which two muscles are fused in the inguinal region?

Answer 11

Transversus abdominis and internal oblique.

Question 12

What does the fascia of the external oblique become at the superficial inguinal ring?

Answer 12

External spermatic fascia.

Question 13

What anatomical boundary does the gallbladder form in the liver?

Answer 13

It forms the boundary between the right lobe and the quadrate lobe of the liver.

Question 14

How is the liver connected to the diaphragm?

Answer 14

Coronary ligament

Question 15

What are the right and left triangular ligaments?

Answer 15

Lateral extremities of the coronary ligament.

Question 16

What are the two parts of the lesser omentum?

Answer 16

Hepatogastric ligament: connects to lesser curvature of stomach

Hepatoduodenal ligament: connects to first part of duodenum

Question 17

What structures lie within the hepatoduodenal ligament?

Answer 17

Common bile duct

Proper hepatic artery

Portal vein

Question 18

How is the common bile duct formed?

Answer 18

Union of the right and left hepatic ducts with the cystic duct.

Question 19

How does the cystic duct run in relation to the lesser omentum?

Answer 19

Posteriorly, inferiorly, and to the left, within the lesser omentum, to join the common hepatic duct

Question 20

Where does the cystic artery typically arise from?

Answer 20

Right Hepatic artery

Question 21

What happens with complete occlusion of the common hepatic duct?

Answer 21

Jaundice

Question 22

Where are bile and pancreatic enzymes added to the digestive mixture?

Answer 22

Duodenum.

Question 23

Where does most nutrient absorption occur in the digestive tract?

Answer 23

Jejunum and ileum.

Question 24

What is the main function of the colon in digestion?

Answer 24

Absorbs remaining water and forms feces

Question 25

What is the greater omentum derived from and where is it attached?

Answer 25

Derived from the dorsal mesentery; attached to the greater curvature of the stomach.

Question 26

What ligament connects the greater curvature of the stomach to the spleen?

Answer 26

Gastrosplenic ligament.

Question 27

What is the lesser omentum derived from and what does it connect?

Answer 27

Ventral mesogastrium; connects the liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach and the first part of the duodenum.

Question 28

What structures are contained in the hepatoduodenal ligament (free edge of lesser omentum)?

Answer 28

Common bile duct Proper hepatic artery Portal vein

Question 29

What vessels are found in the hepatogastric ligament?

Answer 29

L/ Rt gastric arteries and veins.

Question 30

What are the four parts of the duodenum, and at what levels do they occur?

Answer 30

Superior part – level L1 (begins at pylorus) Descending part – to L3 Inferior horizontal part – crosses R to L side Ascending part – up to L2

Question 31

What marks the transition from duodenum to jejunum? Supported by...?

Answer 31

Duodenojejunal flexure, supported by the ligament of Treitz.

Question 32

Where are the jejunum and ileum located within the abdomen?

Answer 32

Jejunum: Upper left quadrant Ileum: Lower right quadrant

Question 33

Where does the ileum end?

Answer 33

Ileocecal junction.