Language change

Question 1

lexical invention

Answer 1

creating fully new words

Question 2

neosemy

Answer 2

gains a completely new meaning

Question 3

initialisation

Answer 3

using first letters to make a word, said as letters

Question 4

archaic

Answer 4

old and out dated

Question 5

metaphor / metonymy

Answer 5

a word / phrase becomes a metaphor and so its meaning changes

Question 6

norman influence

Answer 6

large amount of French terms

Question 7

compounding

Answer 7

combining two full existing words

Question 8

amelioration

Answer 8

gains a more positive meaning

Question 9

bleaching

Answer 9

loses power

Question 10

restriction

Answer 10

a word loses some of its meaning

Question 11

johnson

Answer 11

published a dictionary in 1755 containing 40,000 words and spellings
trying to control language is like trying to ‘lash the wind’

Question 12

swift

Answer 12

believed that English needed to be corrected and improved. he disliked
- contractions
- clipped words
- new words
- borrowed words
- young people changing language

Question 13

expansion

Answer 13

definition covers more

Question 14

blending

Answer 14

taking parts of two existing words

Question 15

conversion

Answer 15

a word changes class

Question 16

prescriptivism

Answer 16

language should be protected from change

Question 17

the great vowel shift

Answer 17

long vowel sounds moved from front of mouth to further back
moose –> mouse

Question 18

affixation

Answer 18

adding a prefix

Question 19

codification

Answer 19

a change becomes officially recognised

Question 20

loan words / borrowing

Answer 20

new words from other languages

Question 21

neologisation

Answer 21

completely new word

Question 22

clipping

Answer 22

shortening a word

Question 23

derogation

Answer 23

gains a more negative meaning

Question 24

lexical innovation

Answer 24

using current words and adapting to make new words

Question 25

eponymisation

Answer 25

using someone's name to form a word

Question 26

acronymisation

Answer 26

using first letters to make a word, said as a word

Question 27

reduplication

Answer 27

combining two similar sounds

Question 28

descriptivism

Answer 28

all varieties of language are valuable and positive

Question 29

Caxton

Answer 29

bought printing press to england in 15th century

Question 30

lowth

Answer 30

wrote a grammar book for teaching stated that multiple negation isn't acceptable (this has become codified)

Question 31

words bought by vikings

Answer 31

sky skull anger