Language, Thought, & Intelligence

Question 1

Processing a mental representation of a problem or a situation

Answer 1

Cognition

Question 2

Experimental processing

Answer 2

Passive

What emotion is this person expressing

Question 3

Reflective processing

Answer 3

Active

Add these numbers

Question 4

Three basic units of thought

Answer 4

Images - picture like mental representations
Concepts - ideas/categories/objects
Language - words/symbols and rules

Question 5

Mental imagery

Answer 5

Using mental images to

• make decisions
• change feelings
• improve skills or prepare for action
• air memory

Question 6

Reverse vision

Answer 6

“Minds eye”

Question 7

Kinesthetic imagery

Answer 7

Using gesture

Question 8

Forming concepts

Answer 8

Positive instance
Negative instance
Conceptual rule

Question 9

Types of concepts

Answer 9

Conjunctive concepts (2+ features)
Relational concept (larger, north, left)
Disjunctive concept (either/or)

Question 10

Conjunctive concept examples

Answer 10

People, humans, notebook, pencil, flag

Question 11

Relational concept examples

Answer 11

Directions, taller

Question 12

Disjunctive concept

Answer 12

Apple is red or green, light is on or off

Question 13

Concepts have two types of meaning

Answer 13

Denotative - definition

Connotative - personal meaning

Question 14

Using inaccurate concepts may lead to thinking errors

Answer 14

Faulty concepts

Question 15

Inaccurate and oversimplified concepts of groups of people

Answer 15

Social stereotype

Question 16

All-or-nothing thinking

Answer 16

One-dimensional thought

Question 17

Semantics

Answer 17

The study of meaning in words and language

Question 18

Phonemes

Answer 18

Basic units of sound

Question 19

Morphemes

Answer 19

Basic units in a language (words or syllables)

Question 20

Grammar

Answer 20

Syntax (word order)

Question 21

Inductive thought

Answer 21

Facts -> principles

Start with something, generalize it

Question 22

Deductive thought

Answer 22

Principles -> facts

Question 23

Logical thought

Answer 23

Conclusions based on rules

Specific hypothesis

Question 24

Illogical thought

Answer 24

Intuition, personal reasons

Question 25

Divergent thinking

Answer 25

Multiple solutions to a problem, think creatively

Question 26

Unusual uses test

Answer 26

Fluency

Question 27

What makes a person creative? (5)

Answer 27

Low correlation between IQ and creativity Great range of knowledge and interests Openness to a wide variety of experiences Enjoy thought, ideas, concepts, and possibilities Preference for complex things

Question 28

Representativeness heuristic

Answer 28

Give info more weight if we know more about it

Question 29

Underlying odds

Answer 29

Base rates (we ignore this)

Question 30

Framing

Answer 30

The way the problem is stated

Question 31

Hot cognition

Answer 31

Emotions

Question 32

Define intelligence

Answer 32

A covert behavior Global capacity to act purposefully, think rationally, and adapt to ones surroundings Procedures used to measure a concept

Question 33

Covert behavior

Answer 33

Can't be seen but effects can be felt

Question 34

G factor

Answer 34

Reasoning, problem solving, knowledge, and memory

Question 35

Stanford Binet (SB5)

Answer 35

Cognitive factors: - fluid reasoning - knowledge - quantitative reasoning - visual-spatial processing - working memory

Question 36

Fluid reasoning

Answer 36

Capacity to think logically and solve problems

Question 37

Quantitative reasoning

Answer 37

What comes next: 3 6 9 12...

Question 38

Visual spatial processing

Answer 38

Suppose you are going east, then turn right, then right again. Which direction are you facing?

Question 39

Working memory

Answer 39

Stroop task: colors/words Digit span Arithmetic

Question 40

The wechsler tests

Answer 40

Wechsler adult intelligence scale (WAIS-IV) Wechsler intelligence scale for children (WISC-IV) Scores -single overall intelligence score -performance intelligence (nonverbal; puzzles) -verbal intelligence (language, math)

Question 41

Verbal comprehension

Answer 41

Similarities Vocabulary Information

Question 42

Perceptual reasoning

Answer 42

Block design Matrixvreasoning Visual puzzles

Question 43

IQ formula

Answer 43

MA/CA X 100

Question 44

Mental age (MA)

Answer 44

Average intellectual performance

Question 45

Chronological age (CA)

Answer 45

Persons age in years

Question 46

Deviation IQ

Answer 46

Scores based on a persons relative standing in his is her age group

Question 47

Range of intelligences

Answer 47

``` Intellectually disabled Borderline Dull normal Average Bright normal Superior Very superior ```

Question 48

Fluency vs flexibility vs originality

Answer 48

fluency is how many different words you can come up with in a creative test flexibility is the ability to apply your previous knowledge to specific tasks originality is how different your creative ideas are to the ones that other people come up with