Larynx

Question 1

what is the function of larynx

Answer 1

connect pharynx to trachea and prevent food into airways

alters pitch tone and volume of voice

Question 2

what vertebral levels does the larynx span

Answer 2

CV3-CV6

Question 3

What is the laryngeal aditus

Answer 3

superior opening from pharynx

Question 4

what is the vestibule of larynx

Answer 4

proximal above vestibular folds

Question 5

what are the vestibular folds, true or false vocal folds?

Answer 5

false

Question 6

what is the rima vestibuli

Answer 6

opening between vestibular folds

Question 7

what is the ventricle of larynx

Answer 7

between vestibular and vocal folds

Question 8

what is the rima glottidis

Answer 8

opening between true vocal folds, shape varies depending on position
variation in tension and length of vocal folds, width of rima produces changes in pitch

Question 9

what is the glottis of larynx

Answer 9

rima glottidis and vocal folds

Question 10

what is the infraglottic cavity

Answer 10

below true vocal folds

Question 11

what is the landmark where can the carotid a be compressed against CV6

Answer 11

cricoid cartilage

Question 12

the circoid cartilage also is a landmark for the junction of what structures

Answer 12

larynx & trachea

pharynx & esophagus

Question 13

Where is a tracheotomy given

Answer 13

between cricoid and first tracheal cartilages or through cricothyroid ligament

Question 14

desbrive parts of thyroid cartilage

Answer 14

laminae that fuse anteriorly
superior horn that attaches to hyoid bone
infeiror horn that articulates with cricoid cartilage
laryngeal prominence
superior thyroid notch
oblique line

Question 15

Describe parts of cricoid cartilage

Answer 15

immobile ring attached via membrane to first tracheal ring
anteiror arch, posterior lamina
articulates with arytenoid and thyroid cartilages

Question 16

What are the parts of the 2 arytenoid cartilages

Answer 16

perched atop posterior portion of cricoid cartilage
apex- attaches to aryepiglottic fold
vocal process- attaches to vocal lig
muscular process- attaches post and lateral cricoarytenoid mm

Question 17

what cartilage is pulled against epiglottis to prevent food from airway

Answer 17

thryoid cartilage

Question 18

what are the ligaments attached to epiglottic cartilage

Answer 18

thyroepiglottic
hyoepiglottic
aryepiglottic
glossoepiglottic

Question 19

Where are the corniculate cartilages

Answer 19

on the apex of the arytenoid cartilages

Question 20

where are the cuneiform cartilages of the larynx

Answer 20

within aryepiglottic folds

Question 21

what are the extrinsic ligaments of larynx

Answer 21

thryohyoid membrane
cricotracheal
hyoepiglottic
glossoepiglottic

Question 22

what pierces the thyrohyoid membrane

Answer 22

internal laryngeal n and superior laryngeal a

Question 23

where is the cricotracheal ligament

Answer 23

attaches cricoid to first tracheal cartilage

Question 24

What are the intrinsic ligaments of the larynx

Answer 24

quadrangular ligament
cricovocal ligament (conus elasticus)

Question 25

where is the quadrangular lig and what does it form

Answer 25

anterior to thyroid and epiglottic cartilages posterior to arytenoid cartilages forms vestibular lig-- vestibular fold forms aryepiglottic lig- aryepiglottic fold

Question 26

where is the cricovocal lig and what are the thickened regions

Answer 26

inferior to cricoid cartilage superior to thyroid and arytenoid cartilage thickened at median and lateral cricothyroid ligaments and the vocal ligament

Question 27

Where is the vocal ligament

Answer 27

extends from internal surface of thyroid lamina to vocal process of arytenoid covered with mucosa

Question 28

which cartilage is the most mobile in larynx

Answer 28

arytenoid cartilages

Question 29

What forms the vocal folds

Answer 29

mucosa over vocal lig and vocalis m( innermost thyroarytenoid m)

Question 30

What is function of vocal folds

Answer 30

change tension and lenth to control pitch

Question 31

What is the main role of cvestibular folds

Answer 31

highly vascularized and contains many mucus secreting glands

Question 32

What are the joints of the larynx

Answer 32

cricothyroid joint | circoarytenoid joint

Question 33

where is the cricothyroid joint and describe type and role

Answer 33

articulation between cricoid and inferior horn of thyroid cartilage synovial gliding allows for the change of vocal cord length

Question 34

where is the cricoarytenoid joint and describe type and role

Answer 34

articulation between cricoid cartilage and arytenoid synovial gliding and rotation allows arytenoid cartilages to rotate and glide towards one another

Question 35

What are the primary motions of the laryngeal cartilages

Answer 35

rotation arytenoid to abduct and adduct vocal lig gliding arytenoids to ADduct vocal lig rotating thyroid cartilage of cricothyroid joint to inc/dec tension on vocal lig

Question 36

what is the function of the cricothyroid m

Answer 36

tilts thyroid forward to elongate and tighten vocal lig

Question 37

what is the function of transverse and oblique arytenoids

Answer 37

ADduct arytenoid cartilages and close the laryngeal inlet by approximating arytenoid cartilages

Question 38

What is the function of posterior cricoarytenoid

Answer 38

ABduct vocal folds

Question 39

What is the function of the lateral cricoarytenoid

Answer 39

ADduct vocal folds

Question 40

what is the function of the thyroarytenoid m

Answer 40

rotates thyroid cartilage back to shorten and loosen vocal lig

Question 41

describe the vocalis m

Answer 41

innermost portion of thyroarytenoid m lateral to vocal lig controls vocal lig producing minute adjustments or vocal lig tension and length

Question 42

what inn the laryngeal mm

Answer 42

external branch superior laryngeal-- cricothyroid m | recurrent laryngeal- all others

Question 43

what does the superior laryngeal n splir into

Answer 43

internal external

Question 44

what does the internal laryngeal n inn

Answer 44

GVE-P and GVA from X to proximal true vocal folds | SVA to epiglottic region of tongue

Question 45

what does the external laryngeal n inn

Answer 45

SVE to cricothyroid m

Question 46

what n controls cough reflex

Answer 46

CN X via stimulation in larynx from GVA superior laryngeal n to cause contraction

Question 47

a lesion to the superior laryngeal n will cause what

Answer 47

loss of cough reflex, loss sensation supraglottic region, circothryoid m will be paralyzed which can cause monotonous voice

Question 48

What is the heimlich maneuver meant to do

Answer 48

increase intrathoracic P to dislodge foreign object in larynx

Question 49

what is a superior laryngeal n block used for and where is it inserted

Answer 49

for endotracheal tubing, need halfway between hyoid bone and superior border of the thyroid cartilage

Question 50

What is the inferior laryngeal n

Answer 50

continuation of recurrent laryngeal in the larynx

Question 51

what fibers are carried in infeiror laryngeal n

Answer 51

GVE-P and GVA to distal true vocal folds (infraglottic region) SVE to all mm of larynx except cricothyroid

Question 52

injury to the recurrent laryngeal n can lead to what

Answer 52

function of larynx, unilaterally causes hoarseness, bilateral is aphonia

Question 53

describe arterial supply to larynx

Answer 53

superior laryngeal a cricothyroid a inferior laryngeal a

Question 54

what a does cricothyroid a originate from

Answer 54

superior thyroid a

Question 55

what is the venous drainage of larynx

Answer 55

superior laryngeal v--> internal jugular v | inferior laryngeal v--> left brachiocephalic v

Question 56

Describe lymph drainage of larynx

Answer 56

proximal--> above true vocal folds go to superior deep | distal-->below true vocal folds goes to inferior deep