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Neuro III > Palate & PPF > Flashcards

Palate & PPF Flashcards

(78 cards)

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1
Q

Where is the PPF pterygopalatine fossa

A

bony space deep in skull
posterioinferior to apex of orbit
posterior to maxillary sinus and deep (medial to) infratermporal region

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2
Q

What is within th ePPF

A

nn aa vv

parasympathetic pterygopalatine ganglion

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3
Q

how is the PPF accessed

A

maxillary sinus

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4
Q

what a is ligated in cases of chronic epistaxis (nose bleeding)

A

sphenopalatine a

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5
Q

What are the general contents of PPF

A

maxillary a
maxillary brannch of trigeminal V2
pterygopalatine ganglion

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6
Q

what are the boundaries of the PPF

A 
lateral is pterygomaxillary fissure
superior- greater wing sphenoid bone
anterior- maxilla
medial- palatine bone
inferior- open via pterygopalatine canal
posterior- pterygoid process of sphenoid bone
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7
Q

what are the openings of the PPF

A 
pterygomaxillary fissure
inferior orbital fissure
spehnopalatine foramen
pterygopalatine canal
foramen rotundum
pterygoid canal
pharyngeal canal
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8
Q

where is and what runs thru pterygomaxillary fissure

A

lateral and communicates with infratemporal fossa

transmits maxillary a, posterior superior alveolar avn

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9
Q

where is and what runs thru inferior orbital fissure

A

anterior and communicates with orbit

transmits infraorbital avn, zygomatic avn

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10
Q

where is and what runs thru sphenopalatine forame

A

medial and communicates with nasal cavity

transmits spehnopalatine a, nasopalatine n and posterior superior lateral nasal n

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11
Q

Where is and what runs thru pterygopalatine canal

A

inferior communicates with palate and oral cavity

transmits descending palatine a, greater and lesser palatine nn

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12
Q

where is and what runs thru foramen rotundum

A

posterior, lateral most of three openings, communicaties with middle cranial fossa
transmits V2

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13
Q

where is and what runs thru pterygoid canal

A

posterior, middle of 3 posterior openings, communicates with middle cranial fossa near foramen lacerum
transmits n and a of pterygoid canal

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14
Q

where is and what runs thru pharyngeal canal

A

posteior, medial most of openings, communicates with nasopharynx
transmits pharyngeal avn

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15
Q

What portion of maxillary a enters PPF

A

3rd portion

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16
Q

what are the branches of the pterygopalatine portion of maxillary a

A 
posteiror superior alveolar a
infraorbital a
descending palatine
a of pterygoid canal
pharyngeal a
sphenopalatine a
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17
Q

what does the posterior superior alveolar a supply

A

maxillary teeth, gingiva and maxillary sinus

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18
Q

what does the infraorbital a supply

A

floor of orbit, maxillary sinus, maxillary teeth, skin of face

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19
Q

what are the branches of infraorbital a

A 
zygomatic a
middle superior alveolar
anterior superior alveolar
nasal branches
superior labial
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20
Q

what does the descending palatine a supply

A

palate, nasal cavity, palatine tonsil via greater and lesser palatine a

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21
Q

what does the artery of the pterygoid canal supply

A

nasopharynx, auditory tube and tympanic cavity

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22
Q

what does the pharyngeal a supply

A

nasopharynx, sphenoid sinus and auditory tube

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23
Q

where is the pharyngeal canal

A

runs thru medial wall of sphenoid sinus to opeining in nasopharynx

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24
Q

what does the spehnopalatine a supply

A

nasal cavity

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25
What are the branches off V2
``` meningeal to dura of middle cranial fossa zygomatic posterior superior alveolar infraorbital pterygopalatine greater palatine lesser palatine posterior superior lateral nasal pharyngeal n ot pterygoid canal nasopalatine ```
26
what are the branches of zygomatic n off V2
zygomaticofacial n | zygomaticotemporal n
27
what is the communicating branch of zygomaticotemporal n and what is important about it
communicating branch to lacrimal n from V1 | route for autonomic distribution to lacrimal gland
28
what does the posterior superior alveolar n inn
maxillary teeth, gingiva, maxillary sinus
29
what does the infraorbital n supply
floor of orbit, maxillary sinus, maxillary teeth, skin of face
30
what are the branches of infraorbital n
middle and anteiror superior alveolar n inferior palpebral nn external nasal branches superior labial branches
31
what suspend pterygopalatine ganglion to V2
the pterygopalatine nn
32
what does the greater palatine n inn
hard palate, and nasal cavity via posterior inferior lateral nasal n
33
what does the lesser palatine n inn
soft palate and tonsillar bed
34
what does the posterior superior lateral nasal n inn
lateral wall of nasal cavity
35
what does the pharyngeal n inn
nasopharynx
36
what does the n of pterygoid canal inn
autonomic to PPG
37
what does the nasopalatine n inn
nasal cavity and anterior hard palate
38
Where is a nasopalatine nerve block given
near incisive foramen
39
where is a greater palatine nerve block given
anesthetic injected near greater palatine foramen
40
the PPG receives preganaglionics from where and psotganglionics from where
pre from facial n via greater petrosal | post from deep petrosal n
41
What info does the n of pterygoid anal carry
PANs pre and SAN post to PPG
42
what two nn make up n of pterygoid canal
greater petrosal and deep petrosal
43
what type of autonomics run in deep petrosal n
SANs
44
descirbe PAN to lacrimal gland
pregang cell bodies in salivatory nucleus fibers with greater petrosal n postgang cell bodies in PPG fibers in zygomatic V2 and lacrimal V1 to increase lacrimal gland secretions
45
describe SAN to lacrimal gland
pregang cell bodies in T1-T4 fibers in sympathetic chain postgang cell bodies in superior cervical sympathetic ganglia fibers via deep petrosal then zygomatic V2 and lacrimal V1 to cause vasomotor, creating more water lacrimal fluid
46
describe PAN to mucouse secreting glands of head
pregang cell bodies in salivatory nuc to fibers in VII then greater petrosal which then PPG and postgang fibers run with V2
47
describe SAN to mucous secreting glands of head
pregang cell bodies T1-4 postgang cell bodies superior cervical ganglia fibers via deep petrosal then out with branches of V2
48
What are the general features of the palate
consists of hard (ossified) and soft portions boundary between nasal and oral cavities superior is covered with respiratory mucosa inferior covered by typical oral mucosa
49
what is the structure of the hard palate
ant 2/3 palate | bony internal skeleton with foramina and mucosa
50
describe the bones that form hard palate
palatine processes of maxillary bone | horizontal plate of palatine bones
51
what are the foramina in the palate
incisive foramen greater palatine foramen lesser palatine foramen
52
what runs in incisive foramen
nasopalatine n and greater palatine a
53
why is anesthetic painful in hard palate
mucosa tightly adhered to bone so anesthesia is usally injected to superior gingiva mucosa
54
Describe general features soft palate
posterior 1/3 palate assist in swallowing by pressing against tongue to hold onto food and presses against roof of pharynx to preven food from passing into nasal cavity
55
what makes up the soft palate
palatine aponeurosis and overlying mucosa with palatine glands
56
where does the soft palate end
in posterior projection called uvula
57
What are the fauces
passages from oral cavity to pharynx
58
what are the boundaries of the fauces
superior- palate inferior- base of tongue lateral- faucial pillars
59
what are the faucial pillars
palatoglossal arch palatopharyngeal arch isthmus of fauces
60
what is the palatoglossal arch
fold of mucosa overlying palatoglossus m
61
what is the palatopharyngeal arch
fold of mucosa overlying palatopharyngeus m
62
what is the isthmus of fauces
constricted portion of fauces bounded by palatoglossal pillars
63
what is the tonsillar bed/fossa
depression between palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal folds
64
what lays in the tonsillary bed/fossa
palatine tonsil
65
what are the structures that form the tonsillar bed
``` superior constrictor hyoglossus middle constrictor glossopharyngeal n tonsillar vessels ```
66
what is the palatine tonsil
lymphoid tissue
67
what aa supply palatine tonsil
facial, palatine branch of ascending pharyngeal a ascending palatine a dorsal lingual a lesser palatine a
68
what is the vv drainage of palatine tonsil
tonsillar plexus | pharyngeal plexus of vv
69
what are the mm of the palate
``` palatoglossus palatopharyngeus musculu uvulae tensor veli palatini levator veli palatini ```
70
o i action inn palatoglossus
o: soft palate via palatine aponeurosis i: tongue inn: vagus pulls tongue and soft palate together during swallowing
71
o i action inn palatopharyngeus
o: soft palate via palatine aponeurosis i: thyroid cartilage inn: vagus swallowing
72
o i action inn musculus uvulae
o: soft palate via palatine aponeurosis i: uvula inn: vagus shortens and elevates uvula
73
o i action inn tensor veli palatini
o: lateral side of cartilaginous auditory tube, membranous auditory tube, medial pterygoid plate, scaphoid fossa and spine of sphenoid bone i: palatine aponeurosis via tendon which is inferior to pterygoid hamulus inn: V3 tenses palate, opens membranous portion auditory tube during mastication
74
o i action inn levator veli palatini
o: medial side of cartilaginous auditory tube, petrous portion temporal bone i: passes between base of skull and superior constrictor to attach to palatine aponeurosis inn: vagus elevates palate and pulls against roof of pharynx
75
what are signs of damage
soft palate and faucial pillars will sag. uvular will deviate to unaffected side
76
What are the aa that supply palate
``` maxillary a (3rd portion): greater and lesser palatine facial a- ascending palatine a ```
77
describe vv drainage of palate
pterygoid plexus of vv, to maxillary v
78
Describe the inn of the palate
V2 nasopalatine n greater palatine n lesser palatine n

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