Last Minute

Question 1

Does the central sulcus lie in front of the major sensory cortex?

Answer 1

Yes, the precentral gyrus lies in front of the central sulcus and contains the motor cortex, the postcentral gyrus lies behind the central sulcus and contains the sensory cortex

Question 2

Which sulcus is the only one to pass over onto the medial surface of the hemisphere?

Answer 2

The central sulcus

Question 3

What is the distribution of the anterior cerebral artery?

Answer 3

The orbital surface of the frontal lobe and to the whole of the medial surface of the hemisphere above the corpus callosum as far back as the parieto-occipital sulcus

Question 4

What sensory and motor areas does the anterior cerebral artery supply?

Answer 4

The motor and sensory areas for the opposite leg, foot and perineum. Also the micturition and defecation centres

Question 5

Where does the midbrain lie?

Answer 5

It connects the diencephalon and cerebrum to the pons, most of it lies in the posterior cranial fossa

Question 6

What does the aqueduct join?

Answer 6

The 3rd and 4th ventricles

Question 7

What is the aqueduct surrounded by?

Answer 7

A group of tightly packed cells known as the periaqueductal grey

Question 8

Where is the oculomotor nucleus in relation to the aqueduct?

Answer 8

It is ventral to the aqueduct in the midline at the level of the superior colliculus.
It lies in line vertically with the other cranial somatic motor nuclei (4th, 6th, 12th)

Question 9

Where is the trochlear nucleus?

Answer 9

Inferior to the oculomotor nucleus, ventral to the aqueduct at the level of the inferior colliculus
The nerve proceeds dorsally and crosses the midline where it decussates with its fellow dorsal to the aqueduct.

Question 10

Where is the mesencephalic nucleus of the trigeminal nerve?

Answer 10

Lies in the central grey matter lateral to the aqueduct throughout the length of the midbrain

Question 11

Where is the third ventricle?

Answer 11

Diencephalon of the forebrain

Question 12

What is in the lateral wall of the third ventricle?

Answer 12

The thalamus

Question 13

What is the tuber cineum?

Answer 13

The part of the floor of the third ventricle between the infundibulum and the mamillary bodies.

Question 14

Where is the pineal gland found?

Answer 14

Posterior to the third ventricle attached to the habenular commisure. Above the superior colliculi between the posterior parts of the thalami. No blood brain barrier here

Question 15

What is NOT in the third ventricle?

Answer 15

Subdivision by commisural fibres of the thalami. The two thalami touch, but do not exchange fibres.

Question 16

Where are the pyramids?

Answer 16

In the medulla, adjacent to the midline

Question 17

What are the pyramids?

Answer 17

Descending (efferent for exit) motor pathways

Question 18

Where does motor fibre decussation occur?

Answer 18

In the lowest part of the medulla 85% of fibres cross, arms slightly higher than legs. The uncrossed fires will cross in the cord.

Question 19

Where is the spinothalamic tract? (pain, temperature)

Answer 19

Anterior white column in fron tof the lateral corticospinal tract. Fibres cross to the opposite side of the cord around 1-2 spinal segments of where it enters the cord.

Question 20

A bitemporal hemianopia would be consistent with a localized lesion of?

Answer 20

The optic chiasma

Question 21

What does the superior sagittal sinus drain?

Answer 21

The upper and posterior parts of both medial and lateral surfaces of both hemispheres

Question 22

What does the superior sagittal sinus become?

Answer 22

The Right transverse sinus, frequently connects with the transverse sinus at its termination

Question 23

What does the inferior sagittal sinus drain?

Answer 23

The lower parts of the medial surface of each hemisphere

Question 24

Where does the inferior sagittal sinus terminate?

Answer 24

Fuses with the greater cerebral vein of Galen and the right and left basal veins to form the straight sinus

Question 25

What does the straight sinus drain?

Answer 25

The inferior sagittal sinus, the R and L basal cerebral veins and the great cerebral vein of Galen
Also receives veins from the occipital lobes and from the upper surface of the cerebellum

Question 26

Where does the straight sinus end?

Answer 26

The internal occipital protuberance by turning to the left to become the transverse sinus

Question 27

What does the transverse sinus groove?

Answer 27

The occipital bone and the mastoid angle of the parietal bone

Question 28

What does the transverse sinus become?

Answer 28

The sigmoid sinus

Question 29

What does the sigmoid sinus groove?

Answer 29

The inner surface of the mastoid part of the petrous bone

Question 30

What is the course of the sigmoid sinus?

Answer 30

Curves downwards and forwards to the posterior margin of the jugular foramen, emerges from the posterior parts of the jugular foramen as the internal jugular vein

Question 31

What does the sigmoid sinus receive?

Answer 31

The superior petrosal sinus at its upper end and the occipital sinus at its lower end