Law 4 Flashcards
(24 cards)
Who lays down the minimum standards of aviation safety
ICAO
How does ICAO ensure states are regulating and monitoring the aviation industry
ICAO audits contracting states (signatories to the Chicago convention)
How have the UK aviation rules changed post brexit
Remined closely aligned to the EU. Retaining much of the original legislation
What are the four steps for how the UK discharges its responsibility to safety
Rule Preparation: Drafting rules, previously alongside EASA.
Rule enactment: Previous EU law now UK law
Safety oversight: Verifying compliance. CAA and EASA provide regulatory oversight as non-EU state
Enforcement: CAA take action in cases of non-compliance. EASA retains some state level oversite
Who must NATS satisfy before making operation, procedural or system changes
CAA, must confirm it is safe
How do NATS ensure its units are complying to rules
Internal competence schemes that the CAA also monitor
Who has ultimate authority over a controllers licence
The competent authority, CAA
What is an SMS
Safety Management System, it ensures safety in managed in a systematic and proactive way. Anticipate risk before they manifest
How is the SMS constructed. Three P’s
Principles
Processes
Procedures
How is the SMS carried out
1) Monitor safety performance
2) Access risks identified
3) Define & prioritise mitigation of those risks
4) Assess risks introduced by the changes and mitigate
5) Introduce changes and monitor safety
What are some general safety principles in an organisational structure
1) Principle safety objective is to minimise contributing risk to aircraft as far as reasonably possible
2) Safety is the highest priority
3) Everyone has safety responsibilities
4) Managers are responsible for the safety in their part of the organisation
5) Senior management are accountable for safety in the organisation as whole
Who are those who develop, publish and oversee the SMS accountable to
The safety director
How do those responsible for developing and maintaining the SMS feel able to do so affectivly
Independent of operational line management
What data is used by NATS to test the SMS effectivness
Numerical data to predict and measure
What methods are you allowed to use to assess and mitigate risk
Only approved methods laid down in international safety standards
How must ATM incidents be investigated
In a timely manner and in accordance with just culture. Not seeking to lay blame
When should safety surveys be carried out
Routinely, identifying improvements or confirming areas comply with the SMS
How can you know if functional systems, equipment and operational units have a safety issue
Failure standards where if tiggered demonstrate safety no longer being met
Why must safety records be maintained
To provide safety assurance to accountable managers and the regulator
What many be uncovered by internal safety audits of an SMS
Inaccurate, out of date and impractical processes and procedures
What should trigger safety promotion and lesson learning
The SMS
What are the three principal outcomes of SMS
1) Everyone aware of potential safety hazards connected with their duties. May not be obvious and intensified by past lessons learnt
2) Lessons learnt in an investigation should be disseminated within the organisation. Lessons put into action
3) Those best placed to come up with safety solutions are usually those doing the job hence they should be encouraged to propose the solutions
What is SAM
Safety assessment methodology, Eurocontrol toolbox. Methods for developing safety assessments for changes to air traffic systems
How does the Safety Assessment Methodology relate to NATS
It helps ANSPs like NATS meet regulatory requirements for changes to operational systems and NATS SMS procedures related to system changes
