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PTMP 2 > LC9 > Flashcards

LC9 Flashcards

(50 cards)

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1
Q

2 steps involved in processing and handling different types of specimens

A
  1. Specimen Handling
  2. Routine Handling
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2
Q

a critical phase in obtaining quality results

A

Specimen Handling

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3
Q

__ % to ___ % laboratory errors occur in the pre-analytical phase

A

46% to 68%

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4
Q

when does pre-analytical errors usually occur

A
  1. Before collection
  2. At time of collection
  3. During specimen transport
  4. During specimen processing
  5. During specimen storage
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5
Q

2 considerations in routine handling

A
  1. Mixing tubes by inversion
  2. Transporting specimens
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6
Q

General number of inversions for tubes

A

3-10 gentle inversions

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7
Q

Number of inversions for coagulation tests

A

3-4x

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8
Q

Number of inversions for tubes with clot activator and gel

A

5x

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9
Q

T/F Rough handling can lead to undesirable conditions which might hemolyze the specimens, activate platelets, affect coagulation, and break the glass tube.

A

True

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10
Q

3 reasons why specimens should be transported with a stopper

A
  1. To avoid contact between content and stopper
  2. To minimize agitation of the specimen
  3. To aid clot formation for serum tubes
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11
Q

Where are blood specimen tubes placed when they are transported?

A

Liquid-tight closure plastic bag with biohazard logo and slip pocket for paperwork

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12
Q

transported in leak-proof containers with adequately secured lids

A

Nonblood specimens

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13
Q

tube system used to transport nonblood specimens

A

Pneumatic tube systems

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14
Q

Routine blood specimens should arrive at the laboratory within __ minutes of collection

A

45

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15
Q

Time required for specimen to be separated from serum or plasma for centrifugation

A

1 hour

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16
Q

Time limit for separating serum and plasma from cells

A

2 hours from time of collection

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17
Q

Prioritized specimens are under what category

A

STAT or medical emergency specimens

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18
Q

Time Limit Exceptions

EDTA specimens

A

1 hour

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19
Q

Time Limit Exceptions

EDTA specimens for CBCs

A

6 hours; 24 hours at room temp

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20
Q

Time Limit Exceptions

EDTA specimens for ESR

A

4 hours

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21
Q

Time Limit Exceptions

EDTA specimens for reticulocyte counts

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A

6 hrs; 12 hours if refrigerated

22
Q

Time Limit Exceptions

Glucose Test

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A

24 hrs at room temp; 48 hrs if refrigerated

23
Q

Time Limit Exceptions

PT test results

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A

24 hrs at room temp

24
Q

Time Limit Exceptions

PTT results

25
3 considerations for special handling
1. Body temperature specimens 2. Chilled Specimen 3. Light-Sensitive Specimen
26
Temperature for Body temperature specimens
36.4C - 37.6C; 37C average
27
T/F Specimens will precipitate or agglutinate if allowed to cool below body temperature
True
28
Examples of specimens that should be at room temperature
Cold agglutinin, cyrofibrinogen and cyroglobulins
29
T/F Chilling specimens can slow the metabolic process
True
30
Examples of tests that requires chilled specimens
ACTH, acetone, ammonia, lactic acid, PTH, renin
31
How are light-sensitive specimens transported
Tube is wrapped with aluminum foil or is on an amber-colored container
32
Examples of tests that requires light-sensitive specimens
Bilirubin, carotene, vitamin B12, Vitamin C
33
where chilled specimens are placed when they are being transported
slurry of crushed ice and water
34
processing areas where specimens are centrifuged and separated from the cells to protect analyte stability
Central Processing or Triage
35
Reasons for Rejection
1. Specimen is not identified properly 2. QNS 3. Hemolysis 4. Ratio of additive with blood 5. Contaminated specimen 6. Wrong tube 7. Outdated tube 8. Exposure to light 9. Improper handling/mixing 10. Did not follow testing limits 11. Incorrect collection time 12. Delay
36
machine that spins blood and other specimens at a high number of revolutions per minute
Centrifuge
37
causes the cell and plasma or serum in blood specimens to separate
Centrifugal force
38
T/F Stopper should remain on tubes while awaiting centrifugation
True
39
Reasons why stoppers should remain on tube when centrifuged
1. Contamination 2. Evaporation 3. Interfering substances 4. Aerosol formation 5. pH changes
40
T/F Specimen can be centrifuged more than oncce
False
41
T/F It is not crucial that tubes should be balanced and are equal in size.
False
42
Difference of plasma and serum specimens when centrifuged
1. Plasma specimens - collected in tubes with anticoagulants and should be centrifuged immediately and without delay 2. Serum specimens - needs to be completely clotted first prior to centrifugation
43
happens when serum specimen is not clotted before centrifuge
fibrin formation may clot the serum and interfere the performance of the test
44
Complete clotting time
30-60 minutes
45
where are plasma specimens centrifuged
StatSpin Express 2 Centrifuge
46
portion of a specimen used for testing and is used for multiple testing
Aliquot Preparation
47
T/F Specimens with different anticoagulants should not be put in the same aliquot tube.
True
48
used when transferring serum or plasma into aliquot tubes
Disposable transfer pipettes
49
OSHA Act RA 11058 states that..
everyone who'll handle potentially infectious materials should wear PPEs
50
Universal Precaution in the laboratory
treat all samples as potentially infectious

PTMP 2 (10 decks)

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