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Pharmacology Unit 6 > Lead Toxicity > Flashcards

Flashcards in Lead Toxicity Deck (20)
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1
Q

How is lead toxicity Dx?

A

Blood test

2
Q

What is the current level of concern for lead toxicity?

A

> 5 mcg/dL

3
Q

WHat is the normal blood lead level?

A

No normal level

4
Q

In a 12 month old child, with a lead level of 20, what would be a suspected source of lead?

A

Potentially home renovations

5
Q

What age is the highest risk of lead poisoning? Why?

A

2 year old, mobile and will put almost anything into their mouths

6
Q

What does an acceptable blood lead level at 1 year of age predict about blood lead level at 2 years?

A

It predicts nothing! Do a blood lead level test!

7
Q

What are sources of lead in children?

A
  • Envrionment (paint chips)
  • Parental Occupation (bring home lead)
  • Hobbies (Glass working, shooting)
  • Folk remedies
  • Cosmetics
  • Imported Foods
  • Imported Toys
8
Q

What is the significance of Free Erythrocyte Protoporphyrin levels?

A

FEP levels can be an indicator of both lead and iron deficiency

9
Q

What enzyme does lead poison?

A

Ferrochelatase

10
Q

What does lead exposure in an older child suggest?

A

Developmental delay or a change in environment

11
Q

What does a moderately high lead level and very high FEP suggest?

A

Lead poisoning with concurrent iron deficiency

12
Q

What is reference range FEP?

A

< 70

13
Q

What are some sources of lead in immigrants?

A
  • Leaded gasoline in home country
  • Lead paint in crappy housing
14
Q

What can lead exposure in pregnancy cause?

A
  • Inverse relationship b/w lead and birth weight
  • Relationship b/w lead exposure and preterm births
  • Decreased head size
  • Decrements in neuro-cognitive/behavioral ability
15
Q

Briefly describe physiology of lead in body related to pregnancy

A
  • Lead stored for many years in bone
  • Mobilization of bone in pregnancy can release lead into blood
  • Only way to know lead burden is do repeated blood tests
  • After elevated lead is observed, at least one more test should be performed during pregnancy
16
Q

What can supplemental calcium help with in pregnancy related to lead?

A

Supplementation may be able to minimize lead mobilization

17
Q

What are the Dx tests for lead?

A
  • FEP
  • CBC (to look for anemia)
  • Blood lead
18
Q

In the 8 question questionaire, how many yes answers must there be to test a person for lead poisoning?

A

Just 1

19
Q

What are the Tx for Lead poisoning?

A
  • CaEDTA
  • British-AntiLewisite (if Lead >70)
  • Succimer if child is in lead-safe environment
20
Q

What is the ultimate solution to lead poisoning?

A

PREVENTION