Learning

Question 1

learning theories zin continuity of discontinuity

Answer 1

continuity

Question 2

Bahviorism

Answer 2

Development is determined by the Childs environment, via learning through conditioning

Question 3

klassieke conditionering

Answer 3

Little Albert, Pavlov, a form of learning that consists of associating an neutral stimulus with a stimulus that always evokes a particular reflexive responses.

Question 4

Systematic desensitization

Answer 4

A form of therapy based on classical conditioning.Positive response gelinkt aan negatieve response. gebruikt voor phobias

Question 5

Intermitten reinforcement

Answer 5

Inconsistent response to a behavior, f.e. sometimes punishing unacceptable behaviors and other times ignoring it.

Question 6

Behavior Modification

Answer 6

A form of therapy based on the principles of operant conditioning in which reinforcement contingencies are changed to encourage more adaptive behavior.

Question 7

Social learning theory (bandura)

Answer 7

observational learning, attention to a persons behavior, enoding what is observed, storing in memory and retrieving later time to reproduce.

Question 8

Vicarious reinforcement

Answer 8

Observing someone else receive a reward or punishment

Question 9

Reciprocal determinism

Answer 9

Child-environment influences operate in both directions, Children are influences and influence their environment

Question 10

Habituation

Answer 10

minder reageren op stimuli die je vaker hebt meegemaakt, learning has taken place.

Question 11

statistical learning

Answer 11

Detecting statistical patterns, mamas stem dus waarschijnlijk zie ik ook haar gezicht

Question 12

Perceptual learning

Answer 12

By playing close attention to the objects and events they perceive.

Question 13

Diffrentation

Answer 13

key to preceptiual learning, extracting from the constantly changing stimulation and events in the environment the relation of those elements are constant

Question 14

Affordance

Answer 14

the possibilities for action offers or afforded by object and situations.

Question 15

Unconditioned stimulus (UCS)

Answer 15

stimulus that evokes a reflexive response

Question 16

Unconditioned response (UCR)

Answer 16

Responce to the UCS that is a reflex

Question 17

Conditioned stimulus (CS)

Answer 17

The neutral stimulus that is repeatedly paired with the unconditioned stimulus

Question 18

Conditioned response (CR)

Answer 18

The originally reflexive response that comes to be elicited by the conditioned stimulus.

Question 19

Intrumental conditionering

Answer 19

Zelfde als operant, learning consiquences behavior

Question 20

Positieve reinforcement

Answer 20

Je krijgt iets omdat je iet goed doet, Je luistert goed naar mama dus we gaan naar de efteling

Question 21

Observational learning

Answer 21

Bij second half of first year, infant imitation becomes more robust. Reproduce behavior of other people, not objects

Question 22

Rational learning

Answer 22

The ability to use prior experiences to predict what will occur in the future

Question 23

Active learning

Answer 23

Learning by observing the world rather that passively observing objects and events

Question 24

Empiricists

Answer 24

Infants mental representations of the physical world are gradually acquired and strengthened through the general learning mechanisms that function across multiple domains

Question 25

Physical knowledge

Answer 25

Infants knowledge about the physical world ia not limited to what they know about learning objects. e.a gravity

Question 26

Social knowledge

Answer 26

Knowledge about the social world, people and their behaviors.

Question 27

Non-associative learning

Answer 27

Habituation, sensitization

Question 28

Associative learling

Answer 28

klassieke en operanet conditionering

Question 29

Backward pairing

Answer 29

Tone appears after (first food)

Question 30

Simultaneous pairing

Answer 30

Food and tone appear at the same time

Question 31

Forward trace pairing

Answer 31

First tone, then food then tone disappear

Question 32

Forward short-delay pairing

Answer 32

First tone and tone remains

Question 33

Stimulus generalization

Answer 33

Similar to initial cs elicit cr

Question 34

Stimilus discrimination

Answer 34

Niet alle honden, wel grote schattige kleine niet

Question 35

Law of effects

Answer 35

a response followed by a satisfying consequence will be more likely to occur

Question 36

Operant conditioning

Answer 36

Type of learning in which behavior is influenced by the consequences that follow it (skinnier box)