Learning

Question 1

What is a neutral stimulus?

Answer 1

A stimulus that, before conditioning does not naturally bring about a the response of interest.

Question 2

What is an Unconditioned stimulus?

Answer 2

A stimulus that naturally brings about a particular response without being learned

Question 3

What is learning?

Answer 3

Learning is a mostly permanent change in behavior created through experience

Question 4

What is classical conditioning

Answer 4

A type of learning in which a neutral stimulus comes to bring about a response after it is paired with a stimulus that naturally brings about that response

Question 5

What is an unconditioned response?

Answer 5

A response that is natural and needs no training.

Question 6

What is a conditioned stimulus?

Answer 6

A once neutral stimulus that has been paired with an unconditioned stimulus to bring about a response once caused only by the unconditioned stimulus.

Question 7

What is a conditioned response?

Answer 7

A response that, after conditioning, follows a previously neutral stimulus

Question 8

Conditioned

Answer 8

Learned

Question 9

unconditioned

Answer 9

Not learned

Question 10

What is extinction?

Answer 10

A basic phenomena of learning that occurs when a previously learned response decreases and eventually disappears

Question 11

What is spontaneous recovery?

Answer 11

The reemergence of an extinguished conditioned response after a period of rest and with no further conditioning

Question 12

What is stimulus generalization?

Answer 12

A process in which, after a stimulus has been learned to produce a particular response , stimuli that are similar to the original stimulus produce the same response

Question 13

What is stimulus discrimination?

Answer 13

The process that occurs if two stimuli are sufficiently distinct from one another that one evokes a conditioned response but the other does not

Question 14

Operant conditioning

Answer 14

Learning in which a voluntary response is strengthened or weakened depending on its favorable or unfavorable consequences

Question 15

What is reenforcement

Answer 15

the process by which a stimulus increases the chances that a prior behavior will be repeated

Question 16

What is a reinforcer?

Answer 16

Any stimulus that increases the chances that a prior behavior will be repeated

Question 17

what is a Positive reinforcer?

Answer 17

A stimulus added to the environment that brings an increase in a preceding response

Question 18

What is a negative reinforcer?

Answer 18

An unpleasant stimulus whose removal leads to an increase in the chances that a preceding response will be repeated in the future

Question 19

What is punishment?

Answer 19

A stimulus that decreases the probability that a previous behavior will occur again

Question 20

What is a schedule of reinforcement?

Answer 20

Different patterns of frequency and timing of reinforcement following desired behavior.

Question 21

what is Continuous reinforcement schedule?

Answer 21

Reinforcing of a behavior every time it occurs

Question 22

Partial Reinforcement

Answer 22

reinforcing of a behavior some but not all the time.

Question 23

What is a fixed-ratio schedule

Answer 23

A schedule by which reinforcement is given only after a specific number of responses are made.