Lec 1 Flashcards
2 things that cant go through membrane
large uncharged polar molecules, charged ions
2 large uncharged molecules
glucose, sucrose
proteins that are not open simultaneously to both the inside and outside the cell
carrier
proteins that are either all the way open or all the way close to both sides
channel
carrier proteins can be blank or blank transport
primary active, secondary active
carriers move molecules blank concentration gradient
against
secondary active transport uses blank energy
potential
sodium potassium pump has sodium and potassium going blank their conc gradients… 3 sodium go blank and 2 potassium go blank
against, out, in
phosphorylation of atpase changes the blank which changes the blank from the outside to the inside
conformation, open side
extrusion of blank provides potential energy for most secondary active transport
sodium
sodium potassium pump uses blank of the energy used by the body and blank percent of the energy used by the brain
25, 70
sodium potassium pump is blank which means it is contributing to the small amount to the resting blank membrane potential
negative
steps of secondary active transport
sodium binds to carrier, sodium binding creates a site for glucose in carrier, glucose binding changes carrier conformation, sodium released into cytosol and glucose follows
protein that does secondary active transport of glucose
sglt
inhibiting the sodium potassium pump would increase the concentration of blank in the cell due to decreased function of blank
calcium, sodium calcium exchanger
na ca exchanger moves blank in and blank out
sodium, calcium
the equilibrium potential is when the blank gradient exactly opposes the blank gradient
electrical, concentration
cells normally maintain an internal voltage of about blank
-70 mV
charge =
ions
current =
ions/sec
energy to move charge
voltage (potential)
ease of moving charge across membrane
conductance (1/resistance)
excitation makes voltage more blank
positive
inhibition makes voltage more blank
negative
