(LEC) AST, ALT, ALP

Question 1

AST EC No.

Answer 1

E.C. 2.6.1.1

Question 2

AST Systematic Name

Answer 2

L-Asapartate: 2-Oxaloglutarate Aminotransferase

Question 3

AST Old Name

Answer 3

Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetate Transaminase (SGOT)

Question 4

AST Coenzyme

Answer 4

Pyridoxal Phosphate (Vit.B6)

Question 5

Keto acids formed are oxidized by

Answer 5

Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle

Question 6

Enzyme that produces alpha ketoglutarate

Answer 6

Glutamate dehydrogenase

Question 7

AST Indicator Enzyme

Answer 7

Malate dehydrogenase

Question 8

Products of AST

Answer 8

Oxaloacetate & Glutamate

Question 9

3 Tissue sources w/ highest AST concentration

Answer 9

Cardiac Tissue
Liver
Skeletal Muscle

Question 10

Intracellular AST concentration is how much more higher than extracellular concentration?

Answer 10

7000x

Question 11

AST Isoenzymes

Answer 11

GOT1 (Cell Cytoplasm)
GOT2 (Mitochondria)

Question 12

AST Isoenzyme that is predominant from occurring in serum

Answer 12

GOT1

Question 13

AST Isoenzyme that increases in disorder producing cellular necrosis

Answer 13

GOT2

Question 14

Reference of AST

Answer 14

5 - 35 U/L

Question 15

In a heart attack, when do AST levels peak

Answer 15

at 24hrs

Question 16

In the absence of CK MB, this enzyme is used to detect Myocardial Infarction

Answer 16

AST

Question 17

Illness w/ highest AST elevations

Answer 17

Acute Hepatocellular disorders

Question 18

AST Assay Optimal pH

Answer 18

7.3 - 7.8

Question 19

Hemolysis in AST Assay affect results how

Answer 19

Increases Serum AST concentration

Question 20

How long can AST be stable in serum

Answer 20

3-4 days in refrigerated temp

Question 21

ALT E.C. No.

Answer 21

E.C. 2.6.1.2

Question 22

ALT Systematic Name

Answer 22

L-Alanine: 2-oxaloglutarate aminotransferase

Question 23

ALT Old Name

Answer 23

Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (SGPT)

Question 24

ALT Coenzyme

Answer 24

Pyridoxal Phosphate (Vit B6)

Question 25

Product of Anaerobic energy produciton

Answer 25

Lactate

Question 26

Product of Aerobic energy production

Answer 26

Glutamate

Question 27

Intracellular ALT levels is how much more higher than that in plasma

Answer 27

3000x

Question 28

ALT reference

Answer 28

7 - 45 U/L

Question 29

Half Life of ALT and AST according to Bishop

Answer 29

ALT - 24hrs AST - 16hrs

Question 30

In Acute hepatocellular injury, what is the ratio of AST to ALT concentration

Answer 30

7000:3000

Question 31

In hepatocyte injury, which enzyme initially has higher levels of

Answer 31

AST

Question 32

Expresses the disproportionate elevation of AST over ALT

Answer 32

DeRitis Ratio (4:1)

Question 33

Indicator Enzyme for ALT Assay

Answer 33

LDH

Question 34

Optimal pH for for ALT Assay

Answer 34

7.3 - 7.8

Question 35

Hemolysis in ALT Assay effects

Answer 35

None

Question 36

Alkaline Phosphatase E.C. No.

Answer 36

E.C. 3.1.3.1

Question 37

Alkaline Phosphatase Systematic Name

Answer 37

Orthophosphoric Monoester Phosphohydrolase (Alkaline Optimum)

Question 38

Optimal pH of Alkaline Phosphatase

Answer 38

9.0 - 10.0

Question 39

Activators of Alkaline Phosphatase

Answer 39

Mg2+ and Zn2+

Question 40

Tissue source with highest ALP concentration

Answer 40

Intestine Liver Bone (Osteoblasts) Spleen Placenta Kidney

Question 41

Increased ALP Activity in Pregnancy. Normal or Abnormal?

Answer 41

Normal

Question 42

Condition with absence of Bone ALP

Answer 42

hypophosphatasia

Question 43

4 ALP isoenzymes

Answer 43

Liver ALP Bone ALP Intestinal ALP Placental ALP

Question 44

isoenzyme that migrates the fastest in ALP Electrophoresis

Answer 44

Liver ALP

Question 45

Bone ALP is normally elevated in which patients

Answer 45

Children (in periods of growth) Adults older than 50

Question 46

Intestinal ALP are mostly common in which blood types

Answer 46

O & B

Question 47

Most heat stable ALP Isoenzyme

Answer 47

Placental ALP

Question 48

Inhibits intestinal ALP and placental ALP

Answer 48

Phenylalanine

Question 49

Inhibits bone ALP and Liver ALP

Answer 49

Levamisole

Question 50

Inhibits bone ALP

Answer 50

3M Urea

Question 51

Abnormal Fractions of ALP Isoenzymes

Answer 51

Regan Isoenzyme Nagao Isoenzyme

Question 52

Regan Isoenzyme is inhibited by

Answer 52

Phenylalanine

Question 53

Nagao Isoenzyme is inhibited by

Answer 53

Phenylalanine & L-leucine

Question 54

ALP reference for children

Answer 54

54 - 369 U/L

Question 55

ALP reference for adult males

Answer 55

53 - 128 U/L

Question 56

ALP reference for males above 60yrs old

Answer 56

56 - 119 U/L

Question 57

ALP reference for Female adults

Answer 57

42 - 98 U/L

Question 58

ALP Assay Method

Answer 58

Bowers and McComb

Question 59

Calculation of ALP Activity based on the molar absorptivity of p-nitrophenol

Answer 59

Bowers and McComb

Question 60

In Bowers and McComb Assay, P-nitrophenyl phosphate is hydrolyzed to become

Answer 60

p-nitrophenol

Question 61

Absorbance measured in Bowers and McComb

Answer 61

405nm

Question 62

ALP should be run how long after collection?

Answer 62

ASAP

Question 63

Why is Hemolysis a source of error for ALP Assay

Answer 63

Causes slight ALP elevations