Lecture 09

Question 1

出血英文

Answer 1

hemorrhage

Question 2

accumulation of blood in tissue

Answer 2

hematoma

Question 3

止血英文

Answer 3

hemostasis

Question 4

hemostasis process

Answer 4

primary
1)vascular response
smooth muscle cells in vessel wall contract
endothelial cells stick together
2)platelet response
formation of platelet clug/ white thrombus
3)secondary
clot formation/ red thrombus

Question 5

platelet plug formation

Answer 5

undamaged cell
NO& prostacyclin:
vasodilator& keep platelet from sticking to the vessel wall

damaged cell
1)von Willebrand factor: fix collagen& platelet more strongly
2)thrombin A2: help with consolidation of platelet plug
3)ADP& serotonin: vasocontrictor

Question 6

word for “small red/ purple spot caused by bleeding into the skin due to capillaries and platelet and not functioning properly”

Answer 6

petechia

Question 7

clotting process

Answer 7

step 3: fibrinogen convert to fibrin in presence of thrombin, form meshwork, blood clot

step 2: activation of thrombin from prothrombin by Ca, prothrombinase, also lead to activation of factor XIII, further cross link fibrin

intrinsic pathway: all things in plasma; extrinsic pathway: tissue facotrs released from damaged cell

Question 8

clotting factor deficiency types

Answer 8

congenital:
hemophilia: factor VIII; deficiency in von Willebrand factor
acquired:
vitamin K deficiency, cofactor in synthesis of many clotting factor

Question 9

clot retraction

Answer 9

thrombosthenin released by platelet

Question 10

clot lysis

Answer 10

plasminogen

Question 11

anticoagulant

Answer 11

natural: prostacycline& NO
artificial: coumarin& heparin

Question 12

thrombolytic drug

Answer 12

tissue plasminogen activator& streptokinase