Lecture 1: Orientation, Integument, & Epithelium

Question 1

a straight line that divides the body

Answer 1

axis

Question 2

axis of rotation of medial/lateral rotation

Answer 2

cranio-caudal axis

or vertical

Question 3

axis of rotation for add/abduction

Answer 3

anterior-posterior
or
dorsal-ventral

Question 4

axis of rotation for flexion/extension

Answer 4

left-right = transverse

Question 5

axes of the human body

Answer 5

cranio-caudal = vertical
ant/post = dorsal/ventral
transverse = left/right

Question 6

formed by two intersecting axes

Answer 6

plane

Question 7

planes of the human body

Answer 7

median = median sagittal
frontal = coronal
transverse = cross-section

Question 8

plane cutting right and left halves

Answer 8

median sagittal

Question 9

cranio-caudal + anterior posterior

Answer 9

median sagittal plane

vertical+dorsal/ventral

Question 10

plane creating front and back halves

Answer 10

frontal = coronal plane

Question 11

cranio-caudal + left-right

Answer 11

frontal plane = coronal plane

vertical + transverse

Question 12

plane creating upper and lower halves

Answer 12

transverse or cross-section plane

Question 13

dorsal-ventral + transverse =

Answer 13

transverse plane = cross-section plane

ant/post + left/right

Question 14

Terminologia anatomica

Answer 14

annually updated list of anatomical terms

Question 15

median sagittal plane mvts

Answer 15

flexion-extension

Question 16

coronal plane mvts

Answer 16

= frontal plane

add-abduction

Question 17

transverse plane mvts

Answer 17

=cross-section plane
medial-lateral rotation
pronation-supination

Question 18

flexion and extension - axis/plane

Answer 18

sagittal plane

left-right axis

Question 19

add/abduction - axis/plane

Answer 19

frontal plane

anterior-posterior axis

Question 20

medial/lateral rotation - axis/plane

Answer 20

transverse plane

longitudinal axis

Question 21

specific area of skin innervated by a specific spinal level

Answer 21

dermatome

Question 22

layers of the epidermis

Answer 22

corneum
lucidum
germinativum/basale

Question 23

relate the epidermis to nerve and blood supply

Answer 23

avascular

innervated

Question 24

what divides the epidermis and dermis layers

Answer 24

basement membrane

Question 25

BM of integument

Answer 25

non-cellular CT network | basement membrane separating epi and dermis

Question 26

dermis

Answer 26

dense irregular CT vascularized 2 layers: 1. papillary layer 2. reticular layer

Question 27

papillary layer of dermis

Answer 27

loose elastic CT connected to basal lamina of epidermis abundant capillaries

Question 28

reticular layer of dermis

Answer 28

dense irregular CT

Question 29

thick vs. thin skin

Answer 29

classified based on structure of epidermis not on actual thickness of skin

Question 30

thick skin

Answer 30

found only in palms and soles of feet 0.4-0.6 mm thick no hair follicles

Question 31

thin skin

Answer 31

everywhere except palms and soles | 0.075-0.150mm thick

Question 32

total skin thickness

Answer 32

0.5-3mm thick

Question 33

actual thickest skin on body

Answer 33

back | but still thin skin

Question 34

actual thinnest skin on body

Answer 34

eyelids

Question 35

superficial fascia location

Answer 35

dermis sits on superficial fascia

Question 36

superficial fascia components

Answer 36

elastic fibers loose collagen bundles supports cutaneous nerves/vessels

Question 37

other names for deep fascia

Answer 37

membranous/investing fascia | can also be named by muscle location

Question 38

deep fascia is associated with?

Answer 38

tightly bound to muscles/bones/tendons/ligaments

Question 39

exocrine glands

Answer 39

have a secretory duct

Question 40

types of exocrine glands

Answer 40

``` sudoriferous glands sebaceous glands ceruminous glands mammary glands glands of moll ```

Question 41

endocrine glands

Answer 41

do not possess a secretory duct, release directly to blood stream

Question 42

merocrine

Answer 42

thin/watery product | no cell damage

Question 43

apocrine

Answer 43

thicker/more viscous product apical domain breaks off labia, areola, axilla, anal

Question 44

holocrine

Answer 44

thick product cell destroyed sebaceous glands of hair follicles

Question 45

lanugo

Answer 45

earliest fine embryonic hair | shed before birth

Question 46

vellus

Answer 46

new downy coat grown few months after birth

Question 47

ungis

Answer 47

nail avascular/not innervated growth guided by lateral groove beds

Question 48

matrix of nail

Answer 48

stratum basale producing ungis | mitotically active

Question 49

subungis

Answer 49

area of skin that attaches to distal end of nail | highly innervated

Question 50

melanocytes

Answer 50

special cells that form melanosomes which are phagocytized by keratinocytes found in deep epidermis

Question 51

Langerhans cells

Answer 51

dendritic cells stratum spinosum migrate from epidermis to lymph nodes

Question 52

merkel cells

Answer 52

mechanoreceptors in germinativum

Question 53

langer's line

Answer 53

tension lines created by orientation of collagen fibers in the dermis surgeons use as guidelines for cutting parallel to reduce scaring

Question 54

C1-C5 makes up....

Answer 54

cervical plexus

Question 55

C5-T1 makes up …...

Answer 55

brachial plexus

Question 56

L1-L4 makes up......

Answer 56

lumbar plexus