lecture 10 - race and ethnicity Flashcards
(37 cards)
differences among human societies
- present themselves in biological and cultural patterns
- product of geographic proximity, historical social and economic relations
- race reflects a social rather than biological reality
ethnic group
a group that is socially defined based on its cultural characteristics
ethnicity
includes the social distinctions and relations among individuals and groups based on cultural characteristics and a sense of belonging.
assumes common history, values, attitudes and behaviours
ethnocentrism
evaluation of another culture based on standards of your own.
ethnic chauvinism
when ethnocentrism turns into hostility towards other people on the basis of their membership in a particular ethnic group
ethnic minority
an ethnic groups whose members have significantly less control/power than members of the dominant or majority group
middle status minorities
racial or ethnic groups in the middle strata who are neither major owners of property nor providers of labour power. their high visibility and economic vulnerability makes them frequent targets for scapegoating
models of minority-majority models
- amalgamation
- pluralism
- assimilation
- oppression
- extermination
- expulsion
amalgamation
- melting pot (us)
- ethnic differences can be combined to to create new patterns of behavior drawing on diverse cultural resources
- A+B+C=D
pluralism
- multiculturalism
- ethnic relations by which all ethnic groups retain their independent and separate identities yet share equal rights and citenzenships
- A+B+C=A+B+C
assimilation
- the acceptance of a minority group by a majority population, in which the new groups takes on the values and norms of the dominant culture
- A+B+C=A
Oppression
- involves the exploitation of a minority group by excluding it from equal participation in a society
exterination
genocide
expulsion
colonialism, ethnic cleansing
sheriff study
a group of boys demonstrated that positive intergroup relations could be achieved in the presence of goals that would promote united, cooperative action.
- shows that we can do good and evil and that it is historical and political circumstances that turn us into one or another
glass ceiling
invisible barrier blocking promotion of qualified individuals in workd environment because of their gender, race or ethnicity
tokenism
policy or practice of making only a token or symolic effort toward equality and intergration without any real change
race
a group of persons who are identified as having a socially meaningful distinctiveness based on physical and biological criteria
racialization
social process by which certain groups of people are singled out for unequal treatment on the basis of real or imagined physical characteristics
racism
organized set of beliefs about the innate inferiority of some racial groups, combined with the power to transform these ideas into practices that deny or exclude
nation by john anderson
socially constructed community, imagined by the people who perceive themselves as part of the group
- rise of nationalism because of printing press and capitalism
nation by anthony smith
named population sharing a historic territory, common myths and historica memories, a mass of public culture, a common economy and common legal rights and duties for its members.
nation state
a political organization with sovereignty and recognizable boundaries, regulating citizenship and defining membership and otherness
nationalism
ideology that has created a powerful bond aimed to unify diverse peoples through patriotic emotions, using symbols 9flags and anthems), myths and stories of common history. it can also be destructive in 20th century
