What are the three things needed for cell growth?
Chemical components: Carbon (also O, H, N, P and other nutrients)
Reducing power (electrons): mostly in the form of hydrides (H-)
Energy: ATP, proton motive force
Autotrophs=
carbon from inorganic molecules, mainly CO2, but some can get it from CO or CH4.
Heterotrophs=
use organic molecules as carbon sources
can use a variety of carbon sources, mono- and polysaccharides, organic acids, amino acids, nucleotides, etc.
Lithotrophs=
Get electrons from inorganic electron donors: H2O, H2, H2S.
Organotrophs=
from organic molecules as carbon sources
Phototrophs=
energy source is light
Chemotrophs=
from oxidation of inorganic molecules
Heterotrophs=
from oxidation of organic compounds
How many universal precursor molecules are there?
12
What is the order of the “bowtie”?
100 C sources–Catabolism–12 precursor molecules—anabolism—needed molecules