lecture 1.11

Question 1

What are the three things needed for cell growth?

Answer 1

Chemical components: Carbon (also O, H, N, P and other nutrients)
Reducing power (electrons): mostly in the form of hydrides (H-)
Energy: ATP, proton motive force

Question 2

Autotrophs=

Answer 2

carbon from inorganic molecules, mainly CO2, but some can get it from CO or CH4.

Question 3

Heterotrophs=

Answer 3

use organic molecules as carbon sources

can use a variety of carbon sources, mono- and polysaccharides, organic acids, amino acids, nucleotides, etc.

Question 4

Lithotrophs=

Answer 4

Get electrons from inorganic electron donors: H2O, H2, H2S.

Question 5

Organotrophs=

Answer 5

from organic molecules as carbon sources

Question 6

Phototrophs=

Answer 6

energy source is light

Question 7

Chemotrophs=

Answer 7

from oxidation of inorganic molecules

Question 8

Heterotrophs=

Answer 8

from oxidation of organic compounds

Question 9

How many universal precursor molecules are there?

Answer 9

12

Question 10

What is the order of the “bowtie”?

Answer 10

100 C sources–Catabolism–12 precursor molecules—anabolism—needed molecules