Lecture 13

Question 1

Describe the functions of the urinary system

Answer 1

1. Removal of waste from the blood
2. Production of Urine
3. Storage and excretion of urine
4. Blood volume regulation
5. Regulation of erythrocyte production

Question 2

What are the gross structures that make up the urinary system?

Answer 2

Kidneys, Ureters, Urinary Bladder, Urethra

Question 3

What is the concave medial border of the kidney called?

Answer 3

Hilum

Question 4

What is the outer area of the kidney called?

Answer 4

Renal Cortex

Question 5

What is the inner area of the kidney called?

Answer 5

Renal Medulla

Question 6

Renal columns divide the renal medulla into renal ____

Answer 6

pyramids

Question 7

The region where the renal pyramid makes contact with the cortex

Answer 7

corticomedullary junction

Question 8

The apex (tip) of the renal pyramid is called the _____

Answer 8

renal papilla

Question 9

Several minor calyces fuse to form a _____

Answer 9

major calyx

Question 10

What collects the total urine output from one kidney and transports it into the ureter?

Answer 10

the renal pelvis

Question 11

The blood enters the kidneys by the ____

Answer 11

renal arteries

Question 12

Renal arteries branch multiple times to reach the ______ within the cortex

Answer 12

interlobular arteries

Question 13

Inter lobular arteries feed the arterioles leading to the ___ where filtration occurs

Answer 13

Nephron

Question 14

____ arterioles enter the renal corpuscle and form a tuft of capillaries called the _____

Answer 14

Afferent; glomerulus

Question 15

Blood exits the glomerulus and the renal corpuscle as the ____ arteriole

Answer 15

Efferent

Question 16

Capillaries leaving the nephron converge into _____ veins

Answer 16

interlobular

Question 17

Interlobular veins continue to merge into a _____ vein

Answer 17

Renal

Question 18

A nephron is comprised of what four main components?

Answer 18

Renal corpuscle. proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule

Question 19

The renal corpuscle is comprised of what 2 components?

Answer 19

Glomerulus and glomerular capsule

Question 20

Which layer of the glomerular capsule contains specialized cells called podocytes?

Answer 20

Visceral layer

Question 21

Long processes called _____ wrap around the glomerular capillaries

Answer 21

Pedicels

Question 22

Pedicels are seperated from each other by thin spaces called _____

Answer 22

filtration slits

Question 23

Cells in what part of the nephron reabsorb almost all nutrients leaked through the filtration membrane?

Answer 23

Proximal Convoluted tubule

Question 24

Both limbs of the Nephron loop facilitate _____ of water and solutes

Answer 24

Reabsorption

Question 25

The distal convoluted tubule secretes what ions into the the tubular fluid?

Answer 25

K+ and H+

Question 26

What part of the nephron projects into the medulla?

Answer 26

Nephron loop (loop of henle)

Question 27

Which blood vessels surround the convoluted tubules and reside primarily in the cortex?

Answer 27

Peritubular capillaries

Question 28

What blood vessel is associated mainly with the nephron loop and resides in the medulla?

Answer 28

Vasa Recta

Question 29

What delivers blood from the kidneys to the urinary bladder?

Answer 29

Ureters

Question 30

Urine stored in the bladder exits the body via the ____

Answer 30

urethra

Question 31

What two muscles control the release of urine from the bladder?

Answer 31

Internal and external urethral sphincters

Question 32

True or False? The female urethra carries more than just urine

Answer 32

False

Question 33

True or false? The male urethra carries more than just urine

Answer 33

True - also carries semen

Question 34

What are the three segments of the male urethra? (in order)

Answer 34

Prostatic urethra, membranous urethra, spongy urethra

Question 35

Put these layers of the bladder wall in order from internal to external: musclularis, submucosa, mucosa, adventitia

Answer 35

mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, adventitia