Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

ANAT241 > Lecture 15 > Flashcards

Lecture 15 Flashcards

1
Q

How many plexuses in the body

A

3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What do the three plexuses of the supply

A

Cervical – supplies the neck
Brachial – supplies the upper limb
Lumbosacral – supplies lower limb (derived from the anterior rami of L1–S4)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What part of the spinal nerve contributes to a plexus

A

Anterior rami

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What supplies the muscles, skin and joints in the thoracic region

A
  • the posterior rami
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Three main nerves supply the lower limb:

A
  1. Sciatic (tibial & common fibular)
  2. Femoral
  3. Obturator

Plus – gluteal nerves

Nerves also supply the joints over which they pass, and other tissues such as skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Each nerve has branches that supple a ___ _____ __ ___ this is important when ______ _____ ________

A

• Each nerve has branches that supply a specific area of skin
• Important when diagnosing nerve injuries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How many venous systems do the limbs have?

A

Two

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Two locations of veins and what they are surrounded in in each location

A

Deep
• Within muscle compartments
• Within the superficial fascia

Superficial
• Accompany the arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Features of veins

A

• Veins have low blood pressure
• Venous blood in the lower limb needs to move against gravity
• These veins have valves to prevent
back-flow against gravit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Two key superficial veins

A

– Great saphenous (drains into femoral vein)
– Small saphenous (drain into popletreil behind knee)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Function of superfcial veins

A
  • thermoregulation
  • return blood
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What muscles act over the hip and/or knee joints?

A

Hamstrings and rectus femoris crosses both the hip and knee joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What muscles crosses the hip and knee anteriorly ?

A

Quadriceps (rectus femoris)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What muscle cross the hip joint anteriorly

A

Iliopsoas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What muscle crosses the knee and hip joint posteriorly

A

Hamstrings
Rectus femoris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What muscles crosses the hip joint posteriorily

A

Hamstrings
Gluteus maximus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What muscles cross the hip joint medially?

A

Adductors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What muscle crosses the hip joint laterally

A

Abductors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Muscles in each compartment share a common…

A
  • function
  • blood and nerve supply
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q
A

Intermuscular septum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What nerve supplies the anterior muscles of the thigh?

A

Femoral nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What nerve supplies the medial muscles of the thigh
Obturator nerve
26
What nerves supply the posterior region of the thigh
Tibial nerve ( with one exception) - BICEPS FEMORIS - short head (supplied by common fibular nerve)
27
28
What is biceps femoris (short head) supplied by
Common fibular nerve
29
The external iliac artery becomes the _____ artery as it passes under the …...................... ligament
Femoral Inguinal
30
The main blood supply of the muscles in the thigh is the .................. artery and vein
Deep femoral
31
Origin and insertion of the hip flexor iliopsoas
Origin • Iliacus: Iliac fossa and crest • Psoas: T12–L5 vertebrae and discs Insertion • Lesser trochanter
32
Function of iliopsoas
• Strong hip flexor • Flexes trunk if legs fixed
33
Parts of the quadriceps femoris (anterior comaprtment of the thigh)
• Rectus femoris • Vastus medialis • Vastus intermedius • Vastus lateralis
34
35
Where does the rectus femoris attach to?
Anterior inferior iliac spines (hip) Quadreceps tendon (knee)
36
Role of rectus femoris at the hip joint
Flexion
37
Role of rectus femoris at the knee joint
Extention
38
Rectus femoris
39
What compartment is sartorius in
Anterior
40
Sartorius
41
Attachment sites of sartorius
• Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) • Medial side tibia (pes anserinus)
42
Pes anserinus has muscles attaching to it from…
All of the 3 compartments
43
Functions of sartorius on the knee and hip
(Has an oblique orientation) • Hip: flexes, abducts, externally rotates • Knee: flexes
44
Origin of rectus femoris
Anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)
45
Insertion of rectus femoris
Quadriceps femoris tendon —-> patella —-> patellar ligament —-> tibial tuberosity
46
47
What is the femoral triangle
• Inverted triangle, a transition area from pelvis into thigh
48
Boundaries of the femoral triangle
• Superior (base): inguinal ligament • Medial: adductor longus • Lateral: sartorius
49
50
Contents of the femoral triangle from medial to lateral
VAN
51
Origins and insertions of the hip extensor, gluteus maximus
Origin: posterior ilium, sacrum and coccyx Inerstion: gluteal tuberotsity and iliotibial bond (ITB) (Oblique orientation)
52
Function of gluteus maximus
Extends hip (Kinda helps with abdauction and external rotation)
53
What nerve and blood supplies the gluteus maximus ?
Inferior gluteal
54
Three muscles of the hamstrings
• Semitendinosus • Semimembranosus • Biceps femoris (long and short heads)
55
What compartment of the thigh are the hamstrings in?
Posterior
56
Origin of hamstrings
• Ischial tuberosity
57
Insertion of hamstrings
• Semimembranosus – medial tibial condyle • Semitendinosus – pes anserinus • Biceps femoris – head of fibula
58
Locations of the hamstrings
• Semimembranosus – medial tibial condyle • Semitendinosus – pes anserinus • Biceps femoris – head of fibula
59
Action of the hamstrings on the hip
Extension
60
Action of the hamstring on the knee
- flexion and rotation
61
Nerve innervation of the hamstrings
• Tibial nerve – all of the muscles except the short head of biceps femoris (which is innervated by the common fibular nerve)
62
Hamstrings injuries
• Sprinting or kicking – usually excess flexion • Most commonly involves biceps femoris long head
63
What muscles are the hip adductors
• Three “adductors” (adductor brevis, longus, magnus) • Pectineus • Gracilis
64
Where do the hip adductors originate? Where do they innervate?
Origin • Pubic bone (except for adductor magnus, which attaces to ischium) Attach then to the femur (linea aspera) (Gracilis = attaches at pes anserinus)
65
Adductor Magnus features
- has an adductor part and a hamstring part - the adductor part attaches to the pubic bone but hamstring part attaches to the Ishial tuberosity - contributes to adduction and hip extension Attachments • Pubic bone and ischium • Femur (linea aspera) and adductor tubercle CONTAINS AN ADDUCTOR HIATUS – passage of femoral artery into popliteal space Nerve supply to the adductor muscles = obtrator nerve
66
Nerve supply to the adductor muscles =
obtrator nerve
67
What is Adductor hiatus
– passage of femoral artery into popliteal space
68
Functions of hip adductors
• Stabilise single-leg stance, together with the abductors • Adductor magnus contributes to hip extension • Adductor longus contributes to hip flexion (e.g., kicking with medial side of the foot in soccer) • Groin strain
69
What component are hip adductors in?
Medial compartment
70
What nerve are hip adductors innervated by
Obturtor nerve
71
Where does the obturator nerve enter the thigh through?
the obturator canal (foramen in the obturator membrane)
72
73
Origin & insertion of Gluteus medius
− Ilium, between anterior and posterior gluteal lines − Greater trochanter
74
Origin & insertion Of Gluteus minimus
- ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines - greater trochanter
75
Origin & insertion of Tensor fascia lata
− Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS − Iliotibial band
76
Hip abductors
Gluteus medius Gluteus minimus Tensor fascia lata - laterally
77
Blood and nerve supply of hip abductors
- superior gluteal nerve - superior gluteual artery and vein
78
nerves and vessels that supply gluteus maximus?
- inferior gluteal nerve - gluteal vein and artery
79
Hip abductors - function
Abduction and internal rotation Lets u stand on one leg - Maintain pelvis horizontal during single-leg stance
80
Hip abductors – dysfunction
• they usually Maintain pelvis horizontal during single-leg stance • Muscle weakness or nerve injury: dropping of contralateral side of the pelvis (Trendelenburg sign/gait)
81

ANAT241 (29 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions