Lecture 15 Flashcards
Erikson’s psychosocial stages
1) Trust - 1st year of life. If you have parents who can be trusted pass and move on
2) Autonomy - age 2
3) Initiative - age 4-5
4) Industry - Childhood to mid-adolescence
5) Identity - Late adolescence/young adulthood
6) Intimacy - young adulthood
7) Generativity - midlife
8) Integrity - old age
Peter and MJ (again)
Talk about their careers and identity
Peter has his formed
MJ less so
This may influence their ability to be intimate as this is a later stage
McAdams on identity
Exploring and committing to life goals and values for the long haul
Depends on having formal operations so we can question this
Where is your life going?
What do you want to become?
James Marcia
Simon Fraser
Identity formation consists of
1) Exploration - genuinely looking at alternatives and experimenting with alternative beliefs and directions.
2) Commitment - choosing to peruse certain roles and outlooks that define how you see yourself fitting into the adult world
Identity status interview
2 areas Marcia was interested in
1) occupational goals
2) personal ideology - political and religious views
(does not care what they are, cares if a person has thought about them)
Questions like:
Have you had doubts about your religious beliefs?
How willing to change careers if something came along?
Identity status cat
At a university in this study
Diffusion - 24% (not explored/not committed)
Alienated and isolated; distant from parents. Often comes across as apathetic and dysphoric.
Kinda wishy washy and does not seem like they have thought about anything.
Foreclosure - 28% (not explored/comitted)
Goal directed, very close to family. Comes across as confident and sure
Has not thought about anything, just adopted fsamily viess
Very stable and hard to change
Better than diffucion, worse than identity achievement
Moratorium - 27% (explored/not committed)
Preoccupied and struggling; marked ambivalence towards parents. Comes across anxious and doubtful/
Identity achievement - 21% (explored/committed)
Trust themselves; can explain their choices, view parents in a balanced way
Comes across reflective and confident
% changes through years at uni as people move through phases
Research on identity status (Self esteem)
Marcia 1977
SE measured before and after a task where they were provided wither positive or negative feedback
Identity diffusion and foreclosure are heavily affected by results
Moratorium and achievement are not affected
Research on identity status (change over time)
One year follow up
60% stable, 20% progress, 10% regress
Life events can make yo regress and redo the process
Research on identity status (Identity and intimacy)
Interviews again
4 categories
Isolate: lacks enduring personal relationships
Stereotyped: Relationships lack depth
Pre-intimate: Friends but not commitment
Intimate: Commitment and mutuality
Isolate and stereotype were much more common in diffusion or foreclosed identity people
Pre-intimate or intimate more common in moratorium and achieved
3 points
Problematic personality traits might reflect development - anxiety could be a result of being in moratorium.
Cultures do not all value this - this is western
Marcia says its still relevant in non-western cultures
Feminists say women must deal with intimacy at the same time as identity
Commitments are happening later now in the world
Profs anecdotes
Got into 5/6 unis. Wanted to go to Colgate
Mom cried so went to Columbia
Worked at Macey’s
Friends tried to help him
1) music cos he liked musicals, gave him albums to listen to
2) took him shopping for clothes cos his mom bought them for him
3) took him to join tea kwon do, got bullied, left
mom thought he joined the Moonies when she found his gi.
His mom though he was susceptible to cults
Had to leave, went to Rochester.
Actually Moonies did ok later, mostly a way to leave home
