Lecture 15: Nervous tissue

Question 1

Telodendrites

Answer 1

Contain synaptic vessicles

Form presynaptic membrane

Question 2

Multipolar neuron

Answer 2

Most common

One axon, multiple dendrites

Question 3

Bipolar neuron

Answer 3

Have two processes, one at each end

Associated with special senses - olfactory/visual

Question 4

Pseudounipolar

Answer 4

Have single process from body that bifurcates

Found in dorsal root ganglia

Question 5

Golgi I neuron

Answer 5

Long axons which leave the gray matter

Question 6

Golgi II

Answer 6

Short axons which ramify through gray matter

Question 7

Epineurium

Answer 7

Covers entire nerve
Supplied by blood and lymphatics
Type I collagen and fibroblasts

Question 8

Perineurium

Answer 8

Dense CT
Covers fascicles
Epithelial-like fibroblasts with tight junctions
Blood nerve barrier

Question 9

Endoneurium

Answer 9

Thin layer of reticular CT
Surrounds individual fibers/schwann cells
Type III collagen

Question 10

Presynaptic membrane contains

Answer 10

Dense bodies

Question 11

SCa transport used by

SCb transport used by

Answer 11

Preassembled microtubules, neurofilaments

Enzymes, actin, clathrin

Question 12

Intermediate transport used by

Answer 12

Mitochondria, other membrane bound organelles

Question 13

Fast transport used by

Answer 13

Synaptic vessicles

Neurotransmitters

Question 14

Glial cells derived from

Answer 14

Embryonic neural crest tissue

-except microglia

Question 15

Astrocytes location/structure

Answer 15

Only in CNS

Numerous processes w/ expanded feet (pedicles) that terminate on capillaries or pia mater

Question 16

Fibrous astrocytes

Answer 16

White matter

Long processes w/few branches

Question 17

Protoplasmic astrocytes

Answer 17

Gray matter

Short processes w/many short branches

Question 18

Astrocyte function

Answer 18

Regulate composition of intracellular environment
BBB- end feet form glia limitans
Development of cerebral cortex

Question 19

Oligodendrocytes location/function

Answer 19

CNS only
Closely associated with neuron cell bodies, function as satellite cells
Surrounds axons in gray matter
Myelinate axons in CNS-each one myelinates several

Question 20

Schwann cells

Answer 20

Myelinate single portion of axon in PNS

Question 21

Microglial cells derived from/function

Answer 21

Derived from macrophage precursors
Phagocytic in CNS
Recruit leukocytes across BBB
Module immune response w/astrocytes

Question 22

Ependymal cells

Answer 22

Ciliated cuboidal
Function in transport
May secrete cerebrospinal fluid in choroid plexus

Question 23

Satellite cells

Answer 23

Form moons around cell bodies in ganglia

Insulators

Question 24

Internal and external mesaxon

Answer 24

Outer and innermost points of fusion between the outer leaflets

Question 25

Intraperiod line

Answer 25

Electron dense line created by extracellular space between outer leaflets

Question 26

Major protein zero

Answer 26

PNS-intraperiod lines- binds OUTER leaflets Mutations are related to Charcot-Marie-Tooth diseases In CNS this protein is replaced by proteolipid protein-mutations in it cause Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease

Question 27

Major dense line

Answer 27

Line created by cytoplasmic space between inner leaflets

Question 28

Myelin basic protein

Answer 28

PNS-inner leaflets | Stabilized lipids

Question 29

Schmidt-Lanterman clefts

Answer 29

Residual areas of cytoplasm within major dense lines

Question 30

Astrocyte endfoot contacts the _______ in the _____

Answer 30

Node of ranvier in the CNS

Question 31

PNS- node of ranvier covered by

Answer 31

Schwann cell processes

Question 32

Connexin 32 expressed in ____ mutation causes ____

Answer 32

Schwann cells | Mutation causes Charlot-Marie-Tooth-disease

Question 33

SNAPs

Answer 33

Bind vesicles to presynaptic membrane

Question 34

Synapsins

Answer 34

Filaments in presynaptic membrane

Question 35

Meninges and spaces listed superficial-deep

Answer 35

Epidural space Dura mater Subdural space Leptomeninx

Question 36

Dura mater "tough mother"

Answer 36

Thick sheet of dense fibrous CT Found in cranial cavity and spinal cord Receive blood from CSF

Question 37

Subarachnoid space

Answer 37

Between arachnoid and pia mater- filled by CSF

Question 38

Arachnoid villi

Answer 38

Allow CSF to flow from subarachnoid space into dural sinuses

Question 39

Pia mater is continuous with

Answer 39

Perivascular CT of cerebral/spinal cord blood vessels

Question 40

Pia mater tightly attached to

Answer 40

Nervous tissue of brain

Question 41

Perivascular space is covered by

Answer 41

Pia mater

Question 42

Choroid plexus cell type/cell linked by

Answer 42

Simple cuboidal cells | Tight junctions

Question 43

Choroid plexus capillaries formed by

Answer 43

Endothelial cells lacking tight junctions

Question 44

Choroid plexus and CSF

Answer 44

Na, K, ATPase pumps in apical membrane of choroid plexus pump fluid into lumen leading to CSF in ventricles

Question 45

Ependyma lines

Answer 45

Ventricular walls-simple cuboidal

Question 46

Ependymal cells linked by and in contact with

Answer 46

Zonula adherens | Contact astrocytic feet

Question 47

Dorsal root ganglia neurons are

Answer 47

Pseudopolar

Question 48

Dorsal root postganglionic axons are

Answer 48

Myelinated

Question 49

Satellite cells in dorsal root ganglia

Answer 49

Form layer around cell body of neuron

Question 50

Autonomic neuron type-recieve info from

Answer 50

Multipolar-recieve input from myelinated preganglionic neurons

Question 51

Autonomic postganglionic axons are

Answer 51

Not myelinated