lecture 16 Flashcards

(13 cards)

1
Q

when did the first animals evolve?

A

700 million years ago

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2
Q

when did land animals appear?

A

400 million years ago

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3
Q

what are animals closely related to?

A

choanoflagellates

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4
Q

what did the earliest animals look like?

A

likely soft bodied, sessile, similar to sponges

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5
Q

when did animal diversity explode?

A

500 million years ago

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6
Q

what was a major driver in animal evolution?

A

methods used to capture and process food

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7
Q

how animals are typically classified

A

body plan/ symmetry

presence of hox genes

specialized tissues vs. no tissue

germ layers

embryotic development

presence of a notochord

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8
Q

which taxa’s include and dont include Hox genes?

A

do not contain:
porifera (sponges)
Ctenophora comb jellies)

the rest do contain hox genes

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9
Q

what do hox genes do?

A

regulate embryo development and determine the shape and function of different regions of the body plan

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10
Q

example of hox genes

A

determine how many appendages, and body segments an insect may have

(a sponge has no symmetry)

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11
Q

can animals reproduce asexually?

A

yes

parthenogenesis

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12
Q

what is bilateral symmetry in animals good for?

A

high mobility, suited well for predators

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13
Q

what is radial symmetry (starfish) good for?

A

sessile/slow animals

easier to sense predators and prey from all directions

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