Lecture 16

Question 1

systemic host response to severe bacterial infection

Answer 1

sepsis

Question 2

Criteria for SIRS

Answer 2

• body temp >38 of <36 C
• heart rate >90 beats/min
• respiratory rate >20 breaths/min
• WBC>13K or <4K, or >10% bands

Question 3

sepsis with refractory hypotension

Answer 3

septic shock

Question 4

sepsis with positive blood culture

Answer 4

septicemia

Question 5

bacteria within bloodstream

Answer 5

bacteremia

Question 6

colonization

Answer 6

presence of microbes without inflammatory response

Question 7

sepsis mortality refers to deaths within how many days?

Answer 7

28

Question 8

Process of bacterial killing

Answer 8

• phagocytic cells engulf and kill bacteria

- increase production of cytokines by inflammatory cells

Question 9

Cytokine storm (false theory)

Answer 9

• explosive production of cytokines which overwhelm inflammation and tissue injury
• host dies from exuberant host response not bacterial infection

Question 10

Complement pathway

Answer 10

• fragments opsonize bacteria to allow improved phagocytosis and form MAC
• other fragments are chemotactic factors to recruit neutrophils

Question 11

Hereditary angioedema is a deficiency in what?

Answer 11

C1 inhibitor

Question 12

Protection from epithelial barriers

Answer 12

-intact epithelial barrier protect against bacteria and prevent infection initiation

Question 13

Lymphocyte apoptosis

Answer 13

septic patients undergo substantial apoptosis in almost every organ in body