lecture 16 part 2

Question 1

glucose homeostasis is under

Answer 1

extrinsic regulation

Question 2

glucose homeostatsis is controlled by

Answer 2

a factor outside of the cells

Question 3

hormone sthta regulate blood glucose levels

Answer 3

insuline and glucagon

Question 4

insulin

Answer 4

made by beta islet cells of pancreas

Question 5

glucagon

Answer 5

made by alpha islet cells of pancreas

Question 6

glucose levels go back to normal quickly b/c of

Answer 6

beta cells of pancreas

Question 7

beta cells of pancreas are snesitive to what

Answer 7

blood glucose []

Question 8

elevated blood glucose [] causes what

Answer 8

beta cells to release inculin into bloodstream

Question 9

insulin cells simtulates cells to what

Answer 9

take up glucose
-liver cells, muscle cells, and adipocytes

Question 10

how does insulin stimulate liver cells

Answer 10

to convert glucose into glycogen and stop ocnverting glycogen into glucose

Question 11

what does insulin promote

Answer 11

fatty acid synthesiis from glcose in liver (when it has enoug hglycogen)

Question 12

unslin promotes glycerol production in

Answer 12

adipocytes

-with fatty acids form liver, these cells can make triaglycerides

Question 13

glucagon are released from

Answer 13

alpha islet cells of the pancreas into bloodstrem whne blood glucose levels drop

Question 14

what does glucagon bind

Answer 14

glucagon receptors on liver cells sending a signal that activates on enzyme that hydrolyzes glycogen, releasing glucose (glycogenolysis)

Question 15

glucose goes out of liver cells and into the bloodstrea via

Answer 15

facilitated diffusion

Question 16

when insulin binds to its receptors, it signals for what

Answer 16

vesciles containing the glucose transporter to go to the cell surface so the trasnporter can allow the glucose to enter the cell via facilitated diffusion

Question 17

glut-4

Answer 17

glucose transporter

Question 18

what happens after a while to Glut-4

Answer 18

it will be recyledd and more insulin will be needed to allow glucose to enter cell

Question 19

what is diabetes

Answer 19

elevated blood glucose levels becaise cells can not import glucose due to lack of glut-4

Question 20

adipose and muscle cells express lots of what

Answer 20

glut-4

Question 21

what are the two types of diabetes

Answer 21

Type I and type II

Question 22

type I diabetes

Answer 22

beta cells do not produce enough insulin, immune system destroys the bodys ow beta cells (autoimmune disease)

Question 23

type II diabetes

Answer 23

bodys cells become insensitive to insulom
-bodys insulin may not bind to receptor
-insulin may bind but signaling to vesciles w/ glut-4

Question 24

is type II or type I diabetes more common

Answer 24

type II