Lecture 18 - Model organisms and senescence

Question 1

which components of human ageing (cellular structures) are relevant when studying budding yeast as a model organism?

Answer 1

telomeres and mitochondria

Question 2

name the 3 measures of ageing in yeast

Answer 2

replicative ageing, chronological ageing and clonal/replicative senescence

Question 3

how many daughter cells must a yeast cell produce before it becomes old and stops dividing in replicative ageing?

Answer 3

up to 40

Question 4

the stationary phase is measured in which measure of ageing in yeast? what stage of the cell cycle is it the same as in higher eukaryotes?

Answer 4

chronological ageing, G0

Question 5

in which measure of ageing in yeast are telomeres relevant?

Answer 5

clonal/replicative senescence

Question 6

in clonal senescence (measure of ageing) in yeast what is the measure characterised by? what is the limit called?

Answer 6

characterised by a finite number of population doublings until hayflick limit reached

Question 7

which exonuclease enzyme kills yeast and mice with uncapped telomeres?

Answer 7

exoR1

Question 8

if c elegans recieve no food, which phase do they stay in?

Answer 8

L1

Question 9

which receptor and transcription factor are associated with the insulin signalling cascade in c elegans?

Answer 9

Daf-2 and Daf-16

Question 10

what are the transcription factors termed yamanaka factors in mice which make differentiated cells go back to a pluripotent status?

Answer 10

Oct3, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc (OSKM)

Question 11

which progeria syndrome have yeast help study in humans?

Answer 11

werner’s syndrome