Lecture 20 Flashcards
(27 cards)
Define the following modality that describes a CN.
SSS
SSS (special somatic sensory): special senses derived from the ectoderm (sight, sound, balance)
Define the following modality that describes a CN.
SVS
SVS (special visceral sensory): special sense derived from endoderm (taste)
Define the following modality that describes a CN.
SVM
SVM (special visceral motor): Muscles derived from pharyngeal arches
Define the following modality that describes a CN.
GVS
GVS (general visceral sensory): General sensation from viscera
Define the following modality that describes a CN.
GVM
GVM (general visceral motor): autonomic motor nerves to the smooth muscles of the gut tract
Define the following modality that describes a CN.
GSS
GSS (general somatic sensory): general senses from the ectoderm (skin)
Define the following modality that describes a CN.
GSM
GSM (general somatic motor): Skeletal muscles
For CN I List the following Name: Modality/modalities): Function/functions): Sensory areas and/or muscles innervated: Foramen through which it passes:
CNI
Name: Olfactory Nerve
Modality/modalities): SVS
Function/functions): smell
Sensory areas and/or muscles innervated: axons of CN I synapse in the olfactory bulb (form synapse with mitral cells called “glomeruli”)
Foramen through which it passes: passes through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone
For CN II List the following Name: Modality/modalities): Function/functions): Sensory areas and/or muscles innervated: Foramen through which it passes:
CN II
Name: Optic nerve
Modality/modalities): SSS
Function/functions): Sight
Sensory areas and/or
muscles innervated: optic disc
Foramen through which it passes: exits orbit through optic canal
For CN III List the following Name: Modality/modalities): Function/functions): Sensory areas and/or muscles innervated: Foramen through which it passes:
CN III
Name: Oculomotor nerve
Modality/modalities): GSM and GVM
Function/functions): eye movement and opening eyelids
Sensory areas and/or muscles innervated: supplies 4 of the 6 extrinsic muscles of the eye
Foramen through which it
passes: superior orbital fissure
For CN IV List the following Name: Modality/modalities): Function/functions): Sensory areas and/or muscles innervated: Foramen through which it passes:
CN IV
Name: Trochlear nerve
Modality/modalities): GSM
Function/functions): eye movement
Sensory areas and/or muscles innervated: innervates the superior oblique muscle of the eye
Foramen through which it passes: Enters orbit through the superior orbital fissure
For CN VI List the following Name: Modality/modalities): Function/functions): Sensory areas and/or muscles innervated: Foramen through which it passes:
CNVI
Name: Abducens nerve
Modality/modalities): GSM
Function/functions): eye movement
Sensory areas and/or muscles innervated: innervates the lateral rectus muscle of the eye
Foramen through which it passes: Enters orbit through superior orbital fissure
For CN VIII List the following Name: Modality/modalities): Function/functions): Sensory areas and/or muscles innervated: Foramen through which it passes:
CN VIII
Name: Vestibulocochlear nerve
Modality/modalities): SSS
Function/functions):
Auditory component: hearing
Vestibular component: Balance
Sensory areas and/or muscles innervated:
Auditory component: Cell bodies in the spiral ganglion of the cochlea
Vestibular component: to the Cell bodies in the vestibular ganglion from the receptors for balance and equilibrium
Foramen through which it passes: Internal acoustic meatus
For CN XI List the following Name: Modality/modalities): Function/functions): Sensory areas and/or muscles innervated: Foramen through which it passes:
CN XI
Name: Spinal Accessory Nerve
Modality/modalities): SVM
Function/functions): motor innervation to the neck
Sensory areas and/or muscles innervated: Motor innervation to the Sternocleidomastoid and Trapezius muscles
Foramen through which it passes: Single trunk enters the cranial cavity via the Foramen Magnum
Spinal accessory trunk exits the cranial cavity via the Jugular Foramen
For CN XII List the following Name: Modality/modalities): Function/functions): Sensory areas and/or muscles innervated: Foramen through which it passes:
CN XII
Name: Hypoglossal nerve
Modality/modalities): GSM
Function/functions): Supplies the extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the tongue (Genioglossus, Hyoglossus, and Styloglossus)
Sensory areas and/or muscles innervated: Genioglossus, Hyoglossus, and Styloglossus muscles of the tongue
Foramen through which it passes: exits cranial cavity via the hypoglossal foramen
Which CN begins in the ganglionic layer of the retina (not rods and cones)? where does 50% decussation of this CN occur?
CN II (optic)
50% decussation in the optic chiasma
Which 2 CN’s are “crossed”? which of these is the only CN to emerge dorsally?
CN IV (trochlear) and CN II (optic)
CN IV (trochlear) is the only nerve to emerge dorsally
Describe the origin and the path of CN VI.
CN VI (abducens) originates from the abducens nucleus
It lies on the medial aspect of the lateral rectus muscle
Which nerve arises from the C1-3(4) lateral rootlets? what makes this unique?
CN XI (spinal accessory nerve)
It is a combination of dorsal and ventral roots of cervical nerves (uncommon)
The cranial roots of the spinal accessory nerve leave with the____ nerve, and the rest of the fibers reach the 2 muscles reffered to as the spinal accessory muscles. Name these 2 muscles.
Vagus
The Sternocleidomastoid and Trapezius muscles are considered the “spinal accessory muscles” (innervated by CN XI)
The path of CN XII runs from the ______nucleus to the floor of the ____ ventricle and exits via the hypoglossal foramen.
hypoglossal
4th
What 2 structures does CN XII split during it’s path through the neck?
The internal and external jugular veins
What type of cell tissue composes the olfactory epithelium? Name the 1 cell type it does not feature that the 2 cell types it does feature.
pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Does NOT have goblet cells
Has Sustentacular cells (support cells with pigment granules)
Has Basal cells (supply the stem cells that replace olfactory epithelium cells when they age)
Olfactory cells are____neurons whose apical end feature ____ _____ that extend into the nasal cavity and whose basal end extends as a ______axon through the cribriform plate.
bipolar
non-motile cilia
unmyelinated
