Lecture 20- Skull and Cranial Nerves

Question 1

the neurocranium provides attachment for what muscles

Answer 1

neck, pharyngeal and chewing muscles

Question 2

what three bones form the base of the neurocranium

Answer 2

presphenoid, basiphenoid, pterygoid

Question 3

what are the three cranial fossae of the skull

Answer 3

rostral (caudal to cribiform plate)
middle (medial to orbital fissure)
caudal (between internal acoustic meatus and jugular foramen)

Question 4

what does the viscerocranium contain

Answer 4

nasal cavity and dental batter

Question 5

what is the rostrum viscerocranium composed of

Answer 5

premaxilla, maxilla, palantine, nasal, lacrimal, and portions of fronts and zygomatics

Question 6

what is the hard palate composed of

Answer 6

premaxilla, maxilla, palantine and contains portions if the upper dental battery

Question 7

what are nasal chonae

Answer 7

thin scroll like bones covered with respiratory and nasal epithelium

Question 8

what is the postorbital ligament

Answer 8

forms lateral portion of the orbit

Question 9

what muscle takes origin off the ventral edge of the zygomatic arch

Answer 9

masseter muscle

Question 10

what does the mandible contain and where does it articulate

Answer 10

contains the lower dental battery and articulated with temporal at temporomandibular joint

Question 11

what cranial nerve (s) exit the telecephalon

Answer 11

olfactory

Question 12

what cranial nerve (s) exit the diencephalon

Answer 12

optic

Question 13

what cranial nerve (s) exit the mesencephalon

Answer 13

oculomotor and trochlear

Question 14

what cranial nerve (s) exit the metencephalon

Answer 14

trigeminal

Question 15

what cranial nerve (s) exit the myelencephalon

Answer 15

abducent, facial, vestibulocochlear, glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory, hypoglossal

Question 16

where does the olfactory nerve carry information to

Answer 16

piriform lobe of brain

Question 17

what does the olfactory nerve travel through

Answer 17

cribiform plate

Question 18

where does the optic nerve relay information from and to

Answer 18

from the retinal ganglion cells to the lateral geniculate nucleus in the thalamus

Question 19

what does optic nerve travel through

Answer 19

optic canal

Question 20

what three nerves innervate extrinsic eye muscles

Answer 20

oculomotor, trochlear and abducens

Question 21

what muscles does the oculomotor nerve innervate

Answer 21

ventral rectus, dorsal rectus, medial rectus and ventral oblique and levator palpebrae superiosis

Question 22

what muscle does the trochlear nerve inenrvate

Answer 22

dorsal oblique

Question 23

what muscle does the abducens nerve innervate

Answer 23

lateral rectus

Question 24

what nerve provides sensory innervation to the face (pain, temperature, touch)

Answer 24

trigeminal nerve

Question 25

what are the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve

Answer 25

V1- ophthalmic V2- maxillary V3- mandibular

Question 26

what division of the trigeminal nerve also provides motor innervation to the muscles of mastication and tensor muscles

Answer 26

V3- mandibular

Question 27

where does V1 ophthalmic nerve exit

Answer 27

orbital fissue

Question 28

where does V2 maxillary nerve exit

Answer 28

round foramen

Question 29

where does V3 mandibular nerve exit

Answer 29

oval foramen

Question 30

what cranial nerve innervates the facial muscles, glands and taste

Answer 30

facial nerve CN VII

Question 31

what cranial nerve provides parasympathetic innervation to the ptyergopalatine ganglion

Answer 31

facial nerve- CN VII

Question 32

what are the two exits for the branches of the facial cranial nerve

Answer 32

internal acoustic meatus and stylomastoid foramen

Question 33

what is the role of the vestibular apparatus

Answer 33

balance and muscle coordination

Question 34

what is the role of the cochlea

Answer 34

hearing

Question 35

what nerve innervates the cochlea and vestibular organs

Answer 35

vestibulocochlear CN VIII

Question 36

where does the vestibulocochlear nerve enter/exit

Answer 36

internal acoustic meatus

Question 37

what cranial nerve provides motor innervation to the stylopharyngeus muscle

Answer 37

glosspharyngeal- CN IX

Question 38

what cranial nerve innervates the paraotid gland

Answer 38

glossopharyngeal nerve CN IX

Question 39

what cranial nerve innervates the taste for posterior 1/3 of the tongue, general sensation, posterior 1/3 of tongue, oropharynx, middle ear, auditory tube, carotid sinus, carotid body

Answer 39

glossopharyngeal nerve CN IX

Question 40

what cranial nerve provides motor to muscles of the soft palate

Answer 40

vagus nerve- CN X

Question 41

what cranial nerve supplies PNS to cardiac muscle, viscera to left colic flexure

Answer 41

vagus nerve CN X

Question 42

what cranial nerve innervates the taste buds around the epiglottis

Answer 42

vagus, CN X

Question 43

what cranial nerve innervates the several neck and back muscles (brachiceophalicus, omotransversarius, sternocephalicus, and trapezius

Answer 43

accessory CN XI

Question 44

where do the glossopharyngeal, vagus and accessory nerve pass through

Answer 44

jugular foramen

Question 45

which cranial nerve innervates instrinsic and extrinsic tongue muscle

Answer 45

hypoglossal CN XII