Lecture 21-22- Supportive Tissue

Question 1

Components of cartilage

Answer 1

Matrix
Chondrocytes
Lacuna

Question 2

Different kinds of cartilage growth

Answer 2

Appositional
Interstitial

Question 3

Types of cartilage

Answer 3

Hyaline
Elastic
Fibrocartilage

Question 4

What do chondrocytes produce?

Answer 4

Matrix

Question 5

Clear space surrounding chondrocytes

Answer 5

Lacuna

Question 6

Are vessels and nerves within cartilage?

Answer 6

No

Question 7

Cartilage growth from the edges, throughout life, surrounded by perichondrium

Answer 7

Appositional

Question 8

Examples of where appositional growth occurs

Answer 8

Tips of nose, ears

Question 9

Where is articular cartilage found?

Answer 9

Ends of bones

Question 10

Does articular cartilage have a perichondrium

Answer 10

No

Question 11

Characteristics of interstitial growth

Answer 11

Young animals, growth from within the cartilage, contains isogenous groups

Question 12

Glassy cartilage, includes articular cartilage and the fetal skeleton

Answer 12

Hyaline cartilage

Question 13

Cartilage with large lacuna, found within the ear

Answer 13

Elastic cartilage

Question 14

Cartilage with small lacuna, surrounded by collagen, arranged in rows, make up menisci, tendon attachments, and IV discs

Answer 14

Fibrocartilage

Question 15

Bone cells

Answer 15

Osteoblasts
Osteoclasts
Osteocytes

Question 16

Bone matrix types

Answer 16

Mineral
Collagen

Question 17

Microscopic bone organizations

Answer 17

Woven
Lamellar

Question 18

Configurations of bone

Answer 18

Compact
Cancellous

Question 19

Types of bone formation

Answer 19

Endochondral ossification
Intramembranous ossification

Question 20

Where are osteoblasts found and what do they do?

Answer 20

Lined up on the edges of bones
Make osteoid (unmineralized bone)

Question 21

Where are osteocytes found and what do they do?

Answer 21

Differentiated osteoblasts within the bone

Question 22

What are osteoclasts and what do they do?

Answer 22

Large cells on the outside of bone
They remove bone

Question 23

Depressions made by osteoclasts

Answer 23

Howship’s lacuna

Question 24

Disease where there are more osteoclasts than blasts

Answer 24

Osteoporosis

Question 25

What is vitamin A toxicity in cats

Answer 25

Death of osteoclasts, overgrowth of bone

Question 26

Is there more calcium or phosphorus within bones?

Answer 26

Calcium

Question 27

What is the structural matrix of bones composed of?

Answer 27

Collagen

Question 28

Is woven or lamellar bone formed first?

Answer 28

Woven

Question 29

What is woven bone made of

Answer 29

Mineralized osteoid

Question 30

Is there more organized collage in woven or lamellar bone?

Answer 30

Lamellar bone

Question 31

Concentric rings of collagen found within lamellar bone

Answer 31

Osteon

Question 32

In the middle of an osteon

Answer 32

Haversian canal

Question 33

What type of bone has blood vessels and nerves?

Answer 33

Lamellar bone

Question 34

Is the middle of a long bone made of compact or cancellous bone

Answer 34

Cancellous

Question 35

Thin filaments within cancellous bone

Answer 35

Trabeculae

Question 36

Cancellous bone on either end of a long bone

Answer 36

Epiphysis

Question 37

Between epiphysis and diaphysis

Answer 37

Metaphysis

Question 38

Growth plate below epiphysis

Answer 38

Physis

Question 39

What bone configuration is the metaphysis?

Answer 39

Cancellous

Question 40

What is around the outside of the bone?

Answer 40

Periosteum

Question 41

Radiolucent line allowing artery entry to a bone

Answer 41

Nutrient foramen

Question 42

Where are hematopoietic cells found?

Answer 42

Marrow

Question 43

What happens to the marrow of adults?

Answer 43

It becomes fatty

Question 44

Where are osteoprogenitor cells found? (react in case of fracture)

Answer 44

Periosteum

Question 45

Inner boney envelope within medullary cavity

Answer 45

Endosteum

Question 46

Where do osteosarcomas usually start?

Answer 46

Metaphysis

Question 47

Are osteosarcomas composed of osteoblasts or osteoclasts?

Answer 47

Osteoblasts

Question 48

How are most bones in the body formed?

Answer 48

Endochondrial ossification

Question 49

What is the order of ossification of a bone?

Answer 49

Diaphysis, epiphysis, then physis

Question 50

Direction of bone formation

Answer 50

From physis towards diaphysis

Question 51

Zones of bone formation (starting at physis)

Answer 51

Resting Proliferating (coin stack) Hypertrophied (Abundant clear cytoplasm) Calcified (chondrocytes die and matrix calcifies

Question 52

What repairs the epiphysis?

Answer 52

Baby growth plate on articular cartilage

Question 53

Weakest zone

Answer 53

Hypertrophied

Question 54

What is the worst salter-harris fracture to have?

Answer 54

IV

Question 55

Does intramembranous ossification involve cartilage?

Answer 55

No

Question 56

What bone forms from intramembranous ossification?

Answer 56

skull and clavicle

Question 57

How does bone remodeling occur?

Answer 57

Osteoblasts build one side and osteoclasts destroy the other

Question 58

Types of joints

Answer 58

Fibrous Cartilaginous Synovial

Question 59

Where are fibrous joints found?

Answer 59

Between the plates of the skull

Question 60

Where are cartilaginous joints found?

Answer 60

Intervertebral discs

Question 61

What type of joint moves the most?

Answer 61

Synovial

Question 62

How does unvascularized articular cartilage receive nutrients?

Answer 62

Synovial fluid

Question 63

What lines the synovial capsule?

Answer 63

Synoviocytes

Question 64

What type of cell are synoviocytes

Answer 64

Mesenchymal cells