Lecture 25: Organisms Osmortegulate & Excrete

Question 1

1. Water will move from:
   A. A hyperosmotic solution to a hypoosmotic solution
   B. A hyperosmotic solution to an isoosmotic solution
   C. A hypoosmotic solution to a hyperosmotic solution
   D. An isoosmotic solution to a hypoosmotic solution

Answer 1

C. A hypoosmotic solution to a hyperosmotic solution

Question 2

What must freshwater fish do to maintain
homeostasis?
A. Excrete large quantities of water
B. Excrete large quantities of electrolytes
C. Consume large quantities of water
D. Take in electrolytes through simple diffusion

Answer 2

A. Excrete large quantities of water

Question 3

3. What is the process by which there is a remarkable
   reorganization of osmoregulatory apparatus when
   salmon spend part of their life in freshwater and part in
   seawater?
   A. Organized filtration
   B. Transfiguration
   C. Smoltification
   D. Osmoregulation

Answer 3

C. Smoltification

Question 4

Which of the following possess protonephridia?
A. Earthworms
B. Flatworms
C. Insects
D. Vertebrates

Answer 4

B. Flatworms

Question 5

The structure in the human kidney where the filtrate,
containing amino acids, glucose etc is initially collected
is called:
A. Loop of Henle
B. Glomerulus
C. Medulla
D. Bowman’s capsule

Answer 5

D. Bowman’s capsule

Question 6

Osmoregulation _______ the uptake and loss of water and solutes

Answer 6

Balances

Question 7

Diverse excretory systems are ________ on a tubular ________

Answer 7

Variations & Theme

Question 8

the kidney nephron is _____________ processing of blood filtrate

Answer 8

Organized for Stepwise

Question 9

____________ controls solute concentrations and balances gain and loss of water

Answer 9

Osmoregulation

Question 10

Osmoregulation: Desert and marine animals face ___________ environments. Water quickly Depleted

Answer 10

Desiccating

Question 11

What happens if two solutions are Isoosmotic?

Answer 11

Flow of water at equal rates in both directions?

Question 12

_______ is the solute concentration of a solution. it determines movement of water across a _______ __________ ___________

Answer 12

Osmolarity & Selective Permeable Membrane

Question 13

_________ Refers to the effect a solution has on cell volume

Answer 13

Tonicity

Question 14

_________ is a measure of the total concentration of solutes in a solution

Answer 14

Osmolarity

Question 15

is a cell is Lyses then the cell is ____________ to surroundings and is experiencing net flow of water into cell

Answer 15

Hypersomotic

Question 16

is a cell is Osmotically balanced then the cell is ____________ to surroundings and is experiencing no net flow of water into cell

Answer 16

Isoosmotic

Question 17

is a cell is Shrivelling then the cell is ____________ to surroundings and is experiencing net flow of water out of the cell

Answer 17

Hypoosmotic

Question 18

_______________ are some Marine animals, isosmotic with their surroundings and do not regulate their osmolarity

Answer 18

Osmoconformers

Question 19

________________ expend energy to control water uptake and loss and can operate in a hyperosmotic or hypoosomtic environment

Answer 19

osmoregulators

Question 20

Some aquatic invertebrates in temporary ponds lose most of their body water and survive in a dormant state, this adaptation is called __________________

Answer 20

Anhydrobiosis

Question 21

Animals regulate the solute content of bod fluid that bathes their cells. ____________ __________ are epithelial cells that specialize in moving solutes in specific directions. For example, the nasal glands of marine birds, it removes excess sodium chloride from the blood.

Answer 21

Transport Epithelia

Question 22

Key Functions of most secretory systems.

______________: filtering of body Fluids
__________________: Reclaiming valuable solutes.
__________: Adding nonessential solutes and wastes from body fluids to the filtrate
_________: Processed filtrate containing nitrogenous wastes, released from body.

Answer 22

Filtration
Reabsorption
Secretion
Excretion

Question 23

In Insects, ____________ ____________ are used to remove salt, water & nitrogenous wastes from hemolymph. Done via Transport epithelial cells and functions in osmoregulation as water follows by osmosis and is recaptured in the Rectum.

Answer 23

Malpighian Tubules

Question 24

The ___________ ___________ contains; salts & glucose, Amino acids & vitamins, Nitrogenous wastes and other small molecules

Answer 24

Bowmans Capsule

Question 25

The _________ __________ is the intertwining of tubules and veins that allow for the recapture of "goodies" because they edit of of the collecting duct

Answer 25

Loop of Henle