Lecture 3

Question 1

Define systematics

Answer 1

study of diversification of living organisms and their relationships

Question 2

Define Classification

Answer 2

deciding what the taxa are (how they might be related)

Question 3

Define Taxonomy

Answer 3

arrangement into taxonomic groups according to observed similarities

Question 4

Define Nomenclature

Answer 4

naming of things; applying names to taxonomic groups

Question 5

Define Phylogeny

Answer 5

evolutionary development and diversification of a species or group of organisms

Question 6

How many years ago was the origin of seed plants

Answer 6

About 360 million years ago

Question 7

How many years ago was the origin of vascular plants

Answer 7

About 420 million years ago

Question 8

How many years ago was the origin of land plants

Answer 8

About 475 million years ago

Question 9

Name the closest living relative to land plants

Answer 9

Green algae

Question 10

How many dried and documented plant specimens stored in Ireland National Hebarium at NBG Glasnevin

Answer 10

C.660,000

Question 11

How many samples of plant products including fruits , seeds , wood , fibres and plant extracts stored in Irelands National Hebarium aT NBG Glasnevin

Answer 11

20,000

Question 12

How do we identify unknown plants

Answer 12

Using a Floral key

Question 13

How does a dichotomous key work

Answer 13

Only 2 choices
Each alternative leads to another question until the item is finally identified

Question 14

Give the scientific classification of Phylum

Answer 14

Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
KEEP POTS CLEAN OR FAMILY GETS SICK

Question 15

Give the scientific classification of Division

Answer 15

Kingdom
Division
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
KANGAROO DANCES CRAZILY ON FAMILY GAME SHOW

Question 16

what does the word division end in

Answer 16

Phyta

Question 17

What does the word class end in

Answer 17

Opsida

Question 18

What does the word order end in

Answer 18

Ales

Question 19

What the does word family end in

Answer 19

Aceae

Question 20

What do the words genus and species end in

Answer 20

Varies

Question 21

Name the type of vascular plant divisions

Answer 21

Sporophyta(SPORES) Spermophyta(SEEDS)

Pteridophyta (FERNS)
Cycadophyta(CYCADS)

Coniferophyta(CONIFERS)
Magnoliophyta(FLOWERING PLANTS)

Question 22

What are the two main plants classes of Spermatophyta(SEEDS)

Answer 22

Gymnosperms
Angiosperms

Question 23

What are Gymnosperms

Answer 23

Woody non flowering plants
Known as “naked seed”

Question 24

What are angiosperms

Answer 24

Woody and herbaceous flowering plants
Known as “enclosed seed”

Question 25

Example of gymnosperms

Answer 25

Cycads Conifers

Question 26

Example of angiosperms

Answer 26

Oak trees Roses

Question 27

Name the plant subclasses of angiosperms

Answer 27

Monocots (1 SEED LEAF) Dicots (2 SEED LEAF)

Question 28

What do genus and specific epithet together form

Answer 28

A species

Question 29

Is the Genus or Specific epithet always capitalised

Answer 29

Genus

Question 30

When writing names in Latin how should they be presented when typed

Answer 30

Italicised

Question 31

When writing names in Latin how should they be presented when written

Answer 31

Underline each word separately

Question 32

What is a Variety

Answer 32

A subdivision of a species that has a difference

Question 33

What is a Cultivar

Answer 33

plants selected for desirable characteristics maintained by propagation

Question 34

What is the Latin name for foxglove

Answer 34

Digitalis purpurea

Question 35

Give the different name of Foxglove (Digitalis purpurea)

Answer 35

English - foxglove Irish - lus mór (big herb) French - gantelée (little glove) Welsh - maneg ellyllon (fairies’ glove) German - fingerhut (thimble) Scotland - witches’ thimbles

Question 36

What is the Latin name for Corn

Answer 36

Triticum aestivum

Question 37

Give the different names of Corn (Triticum aestivum)

Answer 37

In Scotland, it meant rye (Secale cereale) or barley (Hordeum vulgare) In Ireland it was oats (Avena sativa) or barley (Hordeum vulgare) In America, it meant maize (Zea mays) Now generally taken to mean maize

Question 38

Outline the differences between monocots and dicots

Answer 38

Monocots • 1 seed leaf • Parallel venation • Floral parts in 3 or multiples of 3 • Fibrous roots • Vascular tissue arranged sporadically in the stem Dicots • 2 seed leaves • Net (reticulate) venation • Floral parts in 4 or 5 or multiples of 4 or 5 • Tap roots • Vascular tissue arranged in a ring in the stem

Question 39

Why is it important to known if a plant is a monocot or dicot

Answer 39

Herbicides react differently with different kinds of plants

Question 40

If you spray a herbicide designed for a monocot onto a dicot weed what will happen

Answer 40

It will not kill

Question 41

If you spray a herbicide for a dicot onto a monocot what will happen

Answer 41

It will kill the crop