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Botany > Lecture 5 > Flashcards

Lecture 5 Flashcards

(52 cards)

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1
Q

Define plant family

A

a plant family is a group of genera (singular: genus) that share similar characteristics

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2
Q

Name the four major plant groups and give examples (Phylum)

A

• Flowering plants (angiosperms) (vascular)
• Conifers, cycads and allies (gymnosperms) (vascular) • Ferns and fern allies (pteridophytes) (vascular)
• Mosses and liverworts (bryophytes) (non-vascular)

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3
Q

What is the defining feature of Daisy family

A

All members of the daisy family (Asteraceae) have composite flowers (i.e. many individual flowers) that look like a daisy.

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4
Q

What is the Cabbage family called

A

Brassicaceae

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5
Q

Before the cabbage family was called Brassicaceae what was the previous name of the family

A

Cruciferae

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6
Q

How many plant genera in Brassicaceae family

A

372 plant genera

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7
Q

What shape are flowers in Brassicaceae family

A

Comprise 4 petals in a cross (CRUCIFORM) shape

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8
Q

Name the terminal bud in Brassicaceae family

A

Cabbage

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9
Q

Name the lateral bud in Brassicaceae family

A

Brussel sprouts

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10
Q

Name the stem in Brassicaceae family

A

Kohlrabi

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11
Q

Name the leaf in Brassicaceae family

A

Kale

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12
Q

Name the stem and flowers in Brassicaceae family

A

Broccoli

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13
Q

Name the flower cluster in Brassicaceae family

A

Cauliflower

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14
Q

Name the Brassica common annual weed of arable land

A

Sinapsis arvensis (charlock)

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15
Q

Name the Annual or Biennial Brassica weed of moist areas

A

Cardamine hirsuta (hairy bitter cress)

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16
Q

Name the annual brassica weed of waste places , arable , market-garden crops

A

Capsella bursa-pastoris (shepherd’s purse)

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17
Q

What is Goosefoot family called

A

Amaranthaceae

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18
Q

What was the Goosefoot family called before being called Amaranthaceae

A

Chenopodiaceae

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19
Q

How many plant genera in Amaranthacea

A

178 plant genera

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20
Q

Describe members of the Amaranthacea family

A

Have tiny greenish flowers
Have sepals but no petals
Flowers densely clustered on spikes

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21
Q

Examples of Amaranthacea crops

Study These Flashcards
A

• Beta vulgaris (sugar & fodder beets, mangels)
• Spinacea oleracea (spinach)
• Chenopodium quinoa (quinoa)

22
Q

Example of Amaranthaceae weeds

Study These Flashcards
A

• Chenopodium album (fat hen/goosefoot)
• Atriplex patula (common/spreading orache)

23
Q

What is the legume family called

24
Q

What was legume family called before it was called Fabaceae

25
How many plant genera in Fabaceae family
946 plant genera
26
What is the Fabaceae family often known as
Pea/Bean family
27
What is Fabaceae family important for
Fixing nitrogen gas from the air
28
Describe members of Fabaceae family
Have irregular flowers with 5 petals (standard at back, 2 wings at the side and a keel made up of the 2 lower petals) Fruit is a pod that splits down both margins
29
Example of Fabaceae weeds
• Vicia hirsuta (hairy vetch) • Ulex europaeus (gorse, furze, whin) • Cytisus scoparius (broom)
30
How many plant genera in Rosaceae family
104 plant genera
31
Give example of Rosaceae weeds
• Potentilla anserina (silverweed) • Potentilla reptans (creeping cinquefoil) • Filipendula ulmaria (meadowsweet) • Rubus spp. (brambles/blackberries)
32
Smallest plant family
Amborellaceae only 1 genus
33
What is the celery/parsley,carrot/parsnip family called
Apiaceae
34
What was the celery/parsley,carrot/parsnip family called before it was Apiaceae
Umbelliferae
35
How many plant genera in Apiaceae family
418 plant genera
36
Example of Apiaceae weeds
• Daucus carota (wild carrot) • Heracleum sphondylium (hogweed) • Aegopodium podograria (ground elder, bishopweed)
37
Name the Apiaceae weed that contains phototoxic sap that the slightest contact with human skin causes painful blistering and skin irritation when exposed to sunlight
Heracleum mantegazzianum (giant hogweed)
38
How long can the reaction to Heracleum mantegazzianum (giant hogweed) recur for
6 years or more
39
Name the species in Apiaceae family used to poison condemned prisoners in Ancient Greece
Conium maculatum (hemlock)
40
What is the name of the nightshade family
Solanaceae
41
How many plant genera in Solanaceae family
115 plant genera
42
Give an example of a Solanaceae weed
• Solanum nigrum (black nightshade)
43
What is the Daisy family called
Asteraceae
44
What was daisy family called prior to being called Asteraceae
Compositae
45
How many plant genera in Asteraceae family
1,911 plant genera
46
Give example of Asteraceae weeds
• Tussilago farfara (coltsfoot) • Senecio vulgaris (groundsel) • Senecio jacobaea (ragwort) • Centaurea nigra (common knapweed) • Cirsium arvense (creeping thistle) • Cirsium vulgare (spear thistle) • Taraxacum officinale (dandelion) • Sonchus oleraceus (common sowthistle) • Sonchus arvensis (perennial sowthistle)
47
What is grass family called
Poaceae
48
Wnat was grass family previously called
Graminae
49
How many plant genera in Poaceae family
759 plant genera
50
All members of the Poaceae family are herbaceous except what
Bamboo
51
Example of Poaceae Crops
Rice Wheat Maize Barely Oats Rye
52
Example of Poaceae weeds
• Avena fatua (common wild oat) • Poa annua (annual meadow grass) • Agropyron repens (couch, scutch)

Botany (21 decks)

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