Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

immunology exam 1 > lecture 3 > Flashcards

lecture 3 Flashcards

0
Q

leukocyte homing

A

migration of leukocyte out of blood & into a particular tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

mirgration/recruitment

A

general prcess of leukocyte movement from blood -> tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what do chemokines do during leukocyte “rolling”?

A
  1. activate integrins

2. trigger adhesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

once out of vessel, what helps leukocytes get to specified area?

A

chemokine gradients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

macrophages & mast cells secrete chemokines, what do they activate?

A

endothelial cells, which creates an increase in adhesiveness of endothelial cells for leukocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what does homing require?

A

temporary adhesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is addressing?

A

a set of adhesion molecules on the surface of endothelial cells, they regulate lymphoid recirculation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the p-selectin ligand?

A

sialy lewis X on PSGL-1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the E-selectin ligand

A

sialy lewis CLA-1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the L-selectin ligand?

A

sialy lewis X/PNAd on Gly CAM-1 CD34

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

selectin characteristics

A
  1. carb-binding adhesion molecules

2. low affinity adhesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what cytokines activate L-selectins?

A

IL-1 & TNF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what ligand is expression on HEV?

A

PNAd (Peripheral Node Addressins)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the integrin LFA-1 ligand?

A

I-CAM-1
I-CAM-2
endothelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the integrin Mac-1 ligand?

A

I-CAM-1
I-CAM-2
endothelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the integrin alpha4beta7 ligand?

A

V-CAM-1
Mad CAM-1
endothelium in gut

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

integrin characteristics

A
  1. 2 chains that mediate adhesions
  2. cytoplasmic end - interacts with cytoskeleton
  3. extracellular end - interacts with extracellular ligands
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

how do integrins change affinity?

A

respond to intracellular signals by rapidly increasing affinity for their ligands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what are the 2 most important integrins expressed on leukocytes?

A
  1. LFA-1

2. VLA-4

19
Q

what is happening when LFA-1 & ICAM-1 bind?

A

a leukocyte & endothelial cell interact

20
Q

when a chemokine binds to a chemokine receptor, what does this cause?

A

integrin activation – in leukocytes

21
Q

how do you activate a T cell

A

Ag bind to TCR (T cell receptor)

22
Q

conformational changes in extracellular domains of the integrins lead to what?

A

increased affinity of integrins

23
Q

what is the normal conditions of integrin -leukocyte?

A

low affinity, bent position

24
Q

what is the inflammation condition of integrin- leukocyte?

A

high affinity, extended position

25
Q

what is it called when the extracellular domain of integrins respond to intracellular chemokine signals?

A

inside-out signaling

26
Q

what are the 2 roles of chemokines?

A
  1. stimulate leukocyte movement

2. regulate migration of leukocytes from blood -> tissue

27
Q

chemokine CXC recruits what?

A

neutrophils

28
Q

chemokine CC recruits what?

A

monocytes

29
Q

chemokine CXC & CC recruit what?

A

lymphocytes

30
Q

what produces chemokines CXC & CC

A

leukocytes

31
Q

what cytokines induce chemokine production?

A

TNF, IL-1, 17

32
Q

activated T cells induce what chemokine?

A

CC

33
Q

what is the main biological action of chemokines?

A

enhance adhesion of circulating leukocytes to endothelium

34
Q

in migration of neutrophils, what cytokines activate the endothelial cells?

A

TNF & IL-1

35
Q

what chemokine controls transmigration of monocytes?

A

CCL2

36
Q

what selectin is needed for B/T cells to enter HEV?

A

L-selectin (PNAd)

37
Q

what 2 chemokines are on HEV?

A

CCL19 & CCL21

38
Q

Naive T cells do not express receptors, what is missing?

A

S1PR1

39
Q

T cells can leave the LN when ______ is expressed

A

S1PR1

40
Q

what mobilizes effector T cells in sits of inflammation?

A

CD44

41
Q

what does CD44 do in terms of rolling?

A

mediates rolling interactions with vascular endothelial cells expressing HA (a natural ligand)

42
Q

CD44 + HA = ?

A

inside-out (VLA-2 –VCAM binding)

43
Q

what ligands are needed for naive B cells to enter via HEV?

A

CXCL12, CCL19, CCL21

44
Q

what specifically migrates naive B cells to their zone in LNs?

A

CXCL13

immunology exam 1 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions