Lecture 3

Question 1

How much weight during pregnancy should an individual who has a BMI of <18.5 gain?

Answer 1

28-40 pounds

Question 2

How much weight during pregnancy should an individual who has a BMI of 18.5-24.9 gain?

Answer 2

25-35 pounds

Question 3

How much weight during pregnancy should an individual who has a BMI of 25-29.9 gain?

Answer 3

15-25 pounds

Question 4

How much should a mother who is having twins gain during her pregnancy?

Answer 4

35-45 pounds

Question 5

How much should a mother gain during the first trimester?

Answer 5

2 lbs, no increase in calories needed

Question 6

How much should a mother gain in the second trimester?

Answer 6

A little less than a pound a week

Question 7

How many extra calories should a pregnant women eat in her 2nd trimester?

Answer 7

340 extra calories

Question 8

How much should a woman gain in her 3rd timester?

Answer 8

About a pound a week

Question 9

How many extra calories should a women in her third timester eat per day?

Answer 9

450 extra calories

Question 10

How much folic acid is needed per day pre-pregnancy?

Answer 10

400 mcg/ day

Question 11

How much folic acid is needed during pregnancy?

Answer 11

600 mcg/ day

Question 12

How much folic acid is needed 1 month prior to pregnancy in women who had a child with previous NTD (neural tube defect)?

Answer 12

4000 mcg/day

Question 13

How much calcium does the fetus need?

Answer 13

25-30 gram (~2.5% of maternal stores)

Question 14

When is the most amount of calcium needed?

Answer 14

3rd timester

Question 15

Why is more iron needed in pregnancy?

Answer 15

Maternal blood volume increases 20-30%

Question 16

How much of an iron increase is needed for Maternal Nutrient Needs?

Answer 16

1000 mg

Question 17

How should iron be supplement in pregnancy?

Answer 17

30 mg supplementation is recommended to start around 12th week of pregnancy

Question 18

What should happen with Vitamin A in pregnancy?

Answer 18

Increase if possible, but excess should be avoided

Question 19

What Vitamin may need to be supplemented during pregnancy?

Answer 19

Vitamin D

Question 20

When does the screening for GDM take place?

Answer 20

Between 24 and 28 weeks (high risk at 16 weeks)

Question 21

What is considered an abnormal screen (measured an hour after mother has taken 50 gm glucose load)

Answer 21

130 to 140 mg/dL

Question 22

In testing for GDM if glucose level is abnormal after first screen- what happens?

Answer 22

Perform 3 hours 100 gm glucose load

2 or more elevated glucose levels are needed for diagnosis

Question 23

What should women with GDM be screened for after delivery?

Answer 23

DMT2

Question 24

In a breast-feeding mother, how many extra calories per day are needed for the first 6 months?

Answer 24

500 calories (150 from fat stores, 350 from food)

Question 25

How many extra calories are needed in a breastfeeding mother from 7 to 9 months?

Answer 25

400 calories

Question 26

What supplement do breastfeeing mothers often need?

Answer 26

Calcium

Question 27

Where do you get the heme form of iron from?

Answer 27

Animals (meat)

Question 28

Were do you get the non-heme form of iron from?

Answer 28

Plant

Question 29

What Vitamin can help enhance iron absorption?

Answer 29

Vit C

Question 30

What is the main way to lose iron?

Answer 30

Bleeding

Question 31

What inhibits the reabsorption of iron?

Answer 31

Calcium

Question 32

What is the storage form of iron?

Answer 32

ferritin

Question 33

What makes up 1% of iron stores?

Answer 33

Transferrin

Question 34

What is the dosing for supplementing iron?

Answer 34

50-60 mg BID to TID x 3 months

Question 35

What mineral is important in wound healing?

Answer 35

ZInc

Question 36

What disease has copper deposits in organs?

Answer 36

Wilson's disease

Question 37

What is the U/L of sodium?

Answer 37

2300 mg

Question 38

What causes hyponatremia?

Answer 38

Hydrating only with water | uncommon- seen in long distance runners

Question 39

what mineral can lower BP and reduce risk of developing oxalate kidney disease?

Answer 39

Potassium

Question 40

What mineral is linked to improving insulin's ability to do its job?

Answer 40

Chromium

Question 41

What is a goiter due to?

Answer 41

Iodine deficiency

Question 42

Where is 40% of iodine stored?

Answer 42

thyroid

Question 43

what type symptoms can you have with manganese toxicity?

Answer 43

Parkinson's like symptoms

Question 44

What vitamins may be needed to be supplemented if baby is breast fed?

Answer 44

Vitamin D and Vitamin K

Question 45

When assessing weight in elderly, what weight should you consider?

Answer 45

Usual body weight