Lecture 3 Flashcards by Mats Klijn

What motivates people? (3)

Autonomy
Mastery
Purpose

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What is motivation?

Motivation is a major determinant of our behaviour

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Main motivation issues (2)

Motives can be innate (a driver)
or
Motives can be acquired (learned)

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Employee Engagement definition

Is the emotional state of employees

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Employee engagement characteristics (3)

Absorption
Dedication
Vigor

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Absorption definition

The level of concentration and how much one is engrossed in work

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Dedication definition

The level of enthusiasm, inspiration and challenge experienced when performing job related tasks

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Vigor definition

Reflects the level of energy and persistence of employees while working

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Human Resource Management (HRM) definition

A strategic approach to managing employment relations which emphasis on leveraging peoples capabilities as a critical means to achieving sustainable competitive advantage (SCA)

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How is HRM achieved?

By setting distinctive integrated employment policies, programs and practices.

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How does HRM contribute to sustained competitive advantage (SCA)? (5)

Employes are source for success
Changing from control to commitment
Line managers are primarily responsible
Alignment with business strategy
Involvement of top-management

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The three types of resources

Physical
Human
Organisational

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According to the resource based view (RBV) a firms human resources act as a sustainable form of competitive advantage when they are…

VRIN
Valuable
Rare
Inimitable (=unique/impossible to copy)
Non-substitutable

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Competitive advantage definition

When a firm is implementing a value creating strategy not simultaneously being implemented by any current or potential competitors

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How are human resources valuable? (V in VRIN)

Skills, experiences and knowledge have economic value to organisations because they enable them to be productive and adaptable

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How are human resources justified

Investments in human capital are justifiable if they allow a firm to productively utilise its accumulated human capital

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Human resource examples (3)

Making human capital (training)
Buying human capital (compensating)
Eliciting productive behaviour (incentives

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What makes human resources rare? (R in VRIN)

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Not everyone is the same (f.e cognitive abilities)

Characteristics of cognitive abilities (3)

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A measure of the quality of human resources
One of the best predictors of effective job performance
Normally distributed throughout the population.

For technology firms… (2)

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Personnel is of great value for success

- Specialiased personnel are hard to obtain, retain and manage

If your resources are VRIN, then…

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… you have sustained competitive advantage (SCA)

How to obtain specialists? Recruitment methods (5)

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School placement
Trade associations
Recruitment advertising
Employee referrals
Employment agencies

Recruitment is a two-way process. There are 3 conditions necessary for employees and employers to meet;

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A common communication medium (f.e LinkedIn)
Employee characteristics match with employers job requirements
The candidate is motivated to apply

Principle of personnel selection (principle of organisational behaviour) (2)

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People are inherently individually different (=aptitudes and skills)
Future behaviour is (partly) predictable

Aptitude definition

The natural ability to do something

What is the goal of a selection method?

To predict whether somebody will be succesful in a specific job or not.

Management practices (3 phases)

- Entry phase (Recruitment) - Performance phase (Training & Development) - Exit phase ( (non)-voluntary exit)

What are the 3 most popular selection methods?

1. Interviews 2. References 3. GMA test (GMAT)

Structured interview examples (2)

- Behavioural pattern description interview | - Situational interview

Situational interview examples (3)

- Work sample tests - Leaderless group discussion - In basket test

Describe the work sample test (4)

- Is a situational test - Objective is to assess the ability to do rather than the ability to know - Difficult to fake - Not cost effective in large groups

Describe the leaderless group discussion (2)

- Most popular situational test - Group is required tto discuss something for a period of time with no one appointed to do anything. See how everyone performs.

Describe the in basket test (5)

- Also popular situational test - Simulates the actual position - Tests independence - Candidate does not say what they do, they just simply perform - Scores are dependent on self-confidence, organisation and planning skills, written communication, decision making, risk taking and administrative abilities.

What is an assessment center?

An interview type usually lasting a day in which multiple assignments are done like individual assessments, grouip discussions, group tasks, presentations, interviews, business simulation games, psychological tests etc etc.

What consequences do bad hiring practices have for a firm? (4)

- Poor performance - Time lost to find new employee - Money lost to find new employee - Demotivating for current staff

The selection process can also be outsourced, how? (4)

- Psychological consulting firms (aimed at personnel selection through tests) - Recruitment firms (aimed at professionals) - Executive search firms (aimed at top management) - E-recruitment (aimed at online recruitment)

What is the primary function of a leader?

The primary function of a leader is to create the essential purpose or mission of the organisation and the strategy for attaining it.

What is the primary function of a manager?

The primary function of the a manager is to implement the vision of the leader. He/She is responsible for achieving taking the steps in order to realise the leader's vision.

Define 'leadership'

Leadership is defined as the process by which an individual influences others in ways that help attain group or organisational goals.

What makes leadership an elusive concept? (4)

- Leadership is primarily in the eye of the beholder - Easier to believe than to prove leadership - Importance of leaders can be overestimated - Not a lot of good examples in practice of leadership

Leader traits (7+)

- Optimism - Fighting spirit - Expertise - Determination - Humor - Intelligence - Fairness

What is the 'trait approach' on leaders?

Recognizes that leaders possess key traits that are stable over time and set them apart from others.

What is the 'behaviour approach' on leaders?

Focusses on what leaders do. Demonstration of high concern by leaders is regarded most successful.

How do you become a charismatic leader? (5) (verhaal theo)

- Extraordinary person (leader) - Social crisis (situation) - Radical solution (vision) - Followers who believe in the solution - Validation by repeated success

Lecture 3 Flashcards

(44 cards)