Lecture 3 Block 2 Flashcards
(27 cards)
when is heat balance achieved
when heat gained is equal to heat loss
what does heat balance take into consideration
metabolic heat production, conductive heat exchange, convective heat exchange, radiative heat exchange, and evaporative heat exchange
is heat gained or lost with metabolic heat production
gained
is heat gained or lost with conductive heat exchange
gain or lost
is heat gained or lost with convective heat exchange
gain or loss
is heat gained or lost with radiative heat exchanged
gain or loss
is heat gained or lost with evaporative heat exchange
lost
why is the effect of temperature biphasic
because there’s a direct relationship between temp and reactions rates below the thermal optima, but an indirect relationship between temp and reaction rates above the thermal optima
what does Q10 tell you
how dependent that process or rate is on temperature
what is homeoviscous adaptation
compositional adaptation of membrane lipids to maintain correct fluidity despite outer conditions
what is conduction
direct molecular transfer of energy from a warmer surface to a cooler surface
what is convection
conduction coupled to air or fluid movement
what is radiation
emission of photons from any surface above a temperature of absolute zero
what is evaporation
change of state of water from a liquid to a vapor
what is the rate of diffusion equation
k x A x (P2- P1)/D
what is the Q10 equation
Q10 = (Kt + 10)/ Kt
how are respiratory and cardiovascular systems similar
both work through muscles to ventilate vascular surfaces for oxygen
how do the respiratory and cardiovascular system each use diffusion
cardiovascular system uses capillaries of the body, respiratory system uses capillaries of the lungs
how do the respiratory and cardiovascular system each use convection
respiratory- moves air in and out of lungs to ventilate alveoli
cardiovascular- bulk movement of blood through vessels
what does homeeoviscous adaptation affect
fatty acid chain length, saturation, phospholipid classes, cholesterol content
describe fatty acids in animals adapted to cold temperatures
they have membranes with fatty acids that have shorter chains that are more unsaturated, creates double bonds that interfere with stacking of neighboring tails, more flexible at lower temps
do shorter chains have higher or lower fluidity
higher
describe fatty acids in warm adapted animals
they have highly saturated FA tails, which allows for close stacking of neighboring tails and thermostability at high temperatures
which animals have more cholesterol in their membranes
animals adapted to higher temperatures