Lecture 3 - The self

Question 1

self-image

Answer 1

who am I?

Question 2

self-scheme

Answer 2

how you think about yourself

Question 3

taxonomies of self

Answer 3

individual self: uniqueness
relaional self: people I belong to
collective self: group memberships

Question 4

self-discrepency theory

Answer 4

actual self: actual traits
ought self: what I should be like
ideal self

predicts life satisfaction

Question 5

self-awareness brain region

Answer 5

anterior cingulate cortex

Question 6

symbolic interactionism

Answer 6

Mead
biological basis + developmental input
cultural interactions = symbols
language, preferences, roles

Question 7

individualistic culture

Answer 7

independent, unique self

defined by individual aspects

Question 8

collective culture

Answer 8

define self by group memberships and family

Question 9

Kim & Markus

Answer 9

pen experiment

Asians picked similar pens, Americans unique ones

Question 10

predictor for Milgram experiment

Answer 10

agreeableness

Question 11

impact bias

Answer 11

underestimating resilience to bad experiences

Question 12

focussing illusion

Answer 12

Kahneman

mostly moods don’t have a specific reason

Question 13

threat to self-esteem

Answer 13

f.e. if a friend is good at something we also do

Question 14

explicit self-esteem

Answer 14

self-report

aware

Question 15

implicit self-esteem

Answer 15

unconscious

measured by reaction time and implicit association

Question 16

self-esteem scores

Answer 16

vary a lot

generally a bit over mid of scale

Question 17

narcissism characteristics

Answer 17

inflated self-image
deserving special treatment
resentful when threatened
lack empathy
associated with crime, esp. rape

Question 18

grandious narcissist developmental

Answer 18

was put on a pedastal as child

Question 19

vulnerable narcissist

Answer 19

cold, unaffective parent

Question 20

narcissism and self-esteem

Answer 20

unstable
superiority vs fragile ego
criticism as disrespect

Question 21

NPI

Answer 21

narcissistic personality inventory

increased since 70s

Question 22

self-serving bias

Answer 22

when you’re good, it’s due to you, when you’re bad, it’s due to the situation
depressed have less, maladaptive although it is realistic

Question 23

better-than-average effect

Answer 23

you’re better than others, especially in morality

Question 24

unrealistic optimism

Answer 24

overestimating positive future

Question 25

false consensus effect

Answer 25

overestimating how many people agree with you

Question 26

false uniqueness effect

Answer 26

overestimating how special you are

Question 27

self-promotion

Answer 27

emphasizing own success and capacities

Question 28

false modesty

Answer 28

downplaying own contributions | seen as nice

Question 29

self-handicapping

Answer 29

create obstacles for good performance to make success appear better and rationalize failure

Question 30

self-handicapping and self-esteem

Answer 30

low s-e: to rationalize succes | high s-e: to rationalize failure

Question 31

spotlight effect

Answer 31

overestimating how many negative details people see on you

Question 32

CORFing

Answer 32

cutting off reflected failure | -> distancing from unsuccessful others

Question 33

BIRGing

Answer 33

basking in reflected glory | -> associate with successful others