lecture 34 - pelvis, perineum & male reproductive system

Question 1

What are gonads?

Answer 1

Organs where gametes/sex cells are produced

Question 2

What are the male gametes?

Answer 2

Spermatozoa

Question 3

What are the female gametes?

Answer 3

oocytes

Question 4

What are the parts of the pelvis?

Answer 4

Hip bones, sacrum and coccyx

Question 5

Is the pelvic inlet closed or open?

Answer 5

Open

Question 6

Is the pelvic outlet closed or open?

Answer 6

Closed by muscles - the pelvic floor

Question 7

Is the pelvic inlet or outlet bigger?

Answer 7

Inlet

Question 8

What are the 2 pelvic subdivisions?

Answer 8

False/greater pelvis and true/lesser pelvis

Question 9

What is the false/greater pelvis?

Answer 9

Superior region of the pelvis above the pelvic inlet that contains parts of the GI tract

Question 10

What is the true/lesser pelvis?

Answer 10

Inferior region of the pelvis between the pelvis inlet and outlet that contains the internal reproductive organs

Question 11

What part of the pelvis contains the internal reproductive organs in males and females?

Answer 11

The true/lesser pelvis

Question 12

What are the characteristics of the female pelvis?

Answer 12

broader sub pelvic angle, a large oval inlet, straighter coccyx

Question 13

What are the characteristics of the male pelvis?

Answer 13

Narrower sub pelvic angle, heart shaped inlet, curved coccyx

Question 14

What does the pelvic floor/diaphragm close over?

Answer 14

The pelvic outlet

Question 15

What are the 2 key muscles of the pelvic floor?

Answer 15

Levator ani, coccygeous

Question 16

What are the openings in the pelvic floor?

Answer 16

Urethra, anal canal, vagina (females)

Question 17

Where is the deep transverse perineal muscle located?

Answer 17

Runs transversely across pelvic floor/diaphragm

Question 18

Where is the male perineum located?

Answer 18

Inferior to the the pelvic floor and between upper region of the thighs, and includes external genitalia and the anus.

Question 19

What are the 2 triangular divisions of the perineum?

Answer 19

Urogenital triangle, anal triangle

Question 20

What does the urogenital triangle include?

Answer 20

Urethral opening, external genitalia

Question 21

What does the anal triangle include?

Answer 21

Anal canal and fat

Question 22

What are the 2 key functions of the male reproductive system?

Answer 22

To produce spermatozoa and to transport spermatozoa into the female reproductive tract via coitus

Question 23

What is the male gonad?

Answer 23

The testes

Question 24

What are the 5 regions that spermatozoa travel along after production?

Answer 24

Testes (seminiferous tubules), epididymis, ductus deferens, ejacualtory duct, urethra

Question 25

What are the components contained within the scrotum?

Answer 25

2 testes, 2 epididymides, 2 spermatic cords (with part of ductus deferens)

Question 26

What are the 3 products made by the testes?

Answer 26

Spermatozoa, testosterone, inhibin

Question 27

What is the name for the dense fibrous capsule that surrounds the testes?

Answer 27

The tunica albuginea

Question 28

What are the seminiferous tubules contained within?

Answer 28

Lobules of the testes

Question 29

What do the seminiferous tubules join to form?

Answer 29

The rete testis

Question 30

What do the rete testes lead to?

Answer 30

The efferent ductules

Question 31

Where do the efferent ductules lead to?

Answer 31

The epididymis of the testes

Question 32

Where does spermatogenesis take place?

Answer 32

The seminiferous tubules in the testes

Question 33

What cells within the seminiferous tubules produce testosterone?

Answer 33

Interstitial endocrine cells

Question 34

What is produced by the interstitial endocrine cells of the testes?

Answer 34

Testosterone

Question 35

Where is inhibin procured in the seminiferous tubules?

Answer 35

Nurse cells

Question 36

What is the role of nurse cells in the testes?

Answer 36

Produce inhibin, aid in the support and development of sperm.

Question 37

What cells within the seminiferous tubules produce spermatogonia and spermatozoa?

Answer 37

Spermatogenic cells - stem cells

Question 38

What are spermatogonia?

Answer 38

Cells in the testes that are progenitor stem cells of spermatozoa

Question 39

What are the 3 regions of epididymis?

Answer 39

head, body, tail

Question 40

Where do the sperm enter the epididymis from?

Answer 40

From the seminiferous tubules via the rete testis and efferent ductules.

Question 41

Where do spermatozoa exit the epididymis?

Answer 41

Via the ductus deferens

Question 42

What is the site of spermatozoa maturation?

Answer 42

The epididymis

Question 43

What is the alternative name for the ductus deferens?

Answer 43

vas deferens

Question 44

Where does the ductus deferens start?

Answer 44

The spermatic cord

Question 45

What is the ductus deferens a continuation of?

Answer 45

The epididymis

Question 46

What covers the ductus deferens to help with movement along the tract?

Answer 46

Smooth muscle

Question 47

What does the ductus deferens run behind?

Answer 47

The urinary bladder

Question 48

What does the ductus deferens dilate to form?

Answer 48

The ampulla

Question 49

What 2 structures come together to form the ejaculatory ducts?

Answer 49

The seminal vesicle and the ampulla

Question 50

Where does the ejacualtory duct open?

Answer 50

The prostatic urethra

Question 51

What is the function of the internal urinary sphincters in terms of ejacualtion?

Answer 51

Closes the bladder ensuring that sperm are ejaculated through the urethra and do not enter the bladder

Question 52

What is retrograde ejaculation?

Answer 52

When the internal urinary sphincter does not close so sperm ends up in the bladder