Lecture 4 - ANS DSA

Question 1

what special senses are covered by somatic sensory

Answer 1

touch, hearting, equilibrium, and vision

Question 2

what senses are covered by visceral sensory

Answer 2

taste and smell

Question 3

what spinal root is responsible for referred cardiac pain

Answer 3

T1

Question 4

What does the visceral motor division of the PNS control

Answer 4

smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands

Question 5

what function does visceral motor regulate

Answer 5

HR, BP, digestion, and urination

Question 6

what sensations does the visceral afferent portion of the PNS regulate

Answer 6

stretch of organs, temperature, metabolic and chemical changes, and irritation

Question 7

how is pain perceived when an organ is cut

Answer 7

there are no pain receptors, the pain is interpreted as chemical irritation or inflammation responses

Question 8

what is visceral pain that is perceived to be of somatic origin

Answer 8

referred pain

Question 9

how many neurons are typically involved of an ANS system

Answer 9

2; the adrenal medulla is a 1 nerve system

Question 10

what are cells called which have their cell body in the CNS? periphery?

Answer 10

presynaptic or preganglionic; postsynaptic or postganglionic

Question 11

what is the sympathetic metabolically? parasympathetic?

Answer 11

catabolic; anabolic

Question 12

what does the sympathetic do with vasculature

Answer 12

vasoconstriction except coronary A

Question 13

where does the sympathetic distribute to

Answer 13

everywhere that is vascularized

Question 14

where is the parasympathetic distributed to

Answer 14

head, neck, body cavities, and genetalia

Question 15

what controls all gland secretion

Answer 15

parasympathetic minus sweat glands

Question 16

where is parasympathetic not found

Answer 16

body walls or limbs

Question 17

what is the length of parasympathetic fibers? sympathetic

Answer 17

short postsynaptic; long post synaptic

Question 18

where do sympathetic fibers meet up

Answer 18

sympathetic ganglia

Question 19

how do sympathetic and parasympathetic branch

Answer 19

sympathetic is highly branched; parasympathetic has fewer. widespread v. local effect

Question 20

what roots do sympathetic fibers come from

Answer 20

T1-L2/3

Question 21

what neurotransmitters are released by postsynaptic symp/parasymp

Answer 21

symp - norepinephrine (adrenergic)

parasymp - acetylcholine (cholinergic)

Question 22

where are the presynaptic symp neurons found

Answer 22

lateral or intermediolateral gray horn of cord

Question 23

what is the sympathetic trunk ganglia also called

Answer 23

paravertebral or chain ganglia and they are on both sides of the cord

Question 24

what carries the symp message from the cord to the sympathetic trunk

Answer 24

white rami communicans

Question 25

what supplies the eye

Answer 25

T1-2

Question 26

what supplies the head and salivary glands

Answer 26

T1-3

Question 27

what supplies the heart lungs and esophagus

Answer 27

T4-6

Question 28

what supplies the stomach liver gallbladder and pancreas

Answer 28

T7-9

Question 29

what supplies the small intestine

Answer 29

T8-10

Question 30

what supplies the appendix and colon

Answer 30

t10-11

Question 31

what supplies the rectum, bladder, and uterus

Answer 31

t12-l2/3

Question 32

what supplies the kidney

Answer 32

t11-l1

Question 33

what supplies the suprarenal gland

Answer 33

t10-l1

Question 34

what carries messages from the sympathetic trunk to the correct location

Answer 34

gray or post rami communicans

Question 35

how does the sympathetic innervate things that are above t1-l2/3

Answer 35

the white communicans can go up and down spinal levels before they synapse

Question 36

what is the role of the prevertebral ganglia? where is it

Answer 36

they are inhibitory neurons that inhibit muscles and glands in visceral organs; anterior to the verterbral column and only in abdomen and pelvis

Question 37

what do sympathetic fibers to the adrenal glands connect to

Answer 37

directly to the medulla, they attach to chromaffin cells which release epi and norepi

Question 38

what does the cranial outflow of the parasymp innervate

Answer 38

these are cranial nerves exiting the brainstem; organs of head, neck, thorax, and abdomen

Question 39

what does the sacral outflow of the parasymp innervate

Answer 39

they emerge from s2-4, the supply and innervate the organs of the pelvis and lower abdomen

Question 40

where are the bodies of the sacral outflow neurons located

Answer 40

visceral motor region of the gray matter

Question 41

what do the sacral outflow nerves form upon leaving the spinal cord

Answer 41

pelvic slanchnic nerves

Question 42

what distributes the sacral outflow

Answer 42

inferior hypogastric plexus

Question 43

what is cranial nerve 10

Answer 43

vagus n

Question 44

what innervates the GI

Answer 44

enteric nervous system; done by CN X (vagus) and pelvic splanchnic n

Question 45

what are the majority of spalnchnic nerves

Answer 45

sympathetic, except pelvic splanchnic

Question 46

what does the sympathetic use at pre/post synaptic neurons

Answer 46

ACh/Norepi

Question 47

what does parasymp use at their pre/post synaptic neurons

Answer 47

ACh for both