lecture 4: preparticipation medical examination

Question 1

what are the 3 general functions of a preparticipation medical exam

Answer 1

1) ensure healthy and safety while particiapting in activtiy/sport
2) gather ingo regarding gen health, matturaity, ffitness level at thebeg
3) idenetify those are risk for particpating in PA

Question 2

what is another name for preparticpation medical examination (PPME)

Answer 2

pre season medical examination

Question 3

when is the PPME perfroemd

Answer 3

PRESEASON annullay (or bi annualy)

Question 4

what is the 1st goal of PPME

Answer 4

determine gen health and immunization status

Question 5

what is the 2nd goal of PPME

Answer 5

Detect medical conditions that have not healed or predisposed individual to injury or illness

Question 6

what is the 3rd goal of PPME

Answer 6

Identify behaviours posing a risk to health

Question 7

what is the 4th goal of PPME

Answer 7

Establish baseline parameters for determining when athlete can return to activity

Question 8

what is the 5th goal of PPME

Answer 8

Assess physical maturity

Question 9

what is the 6th goal of PPME

Answer 9

Evaluate physical fitness

Question 10

what is thr 7th goal of PPME

Answer 10

Classify readiness to participate

Question 11

what is the 8th goal of PPME

Answer 11

Recommend appropriate activities to individuals with medical contraindications to exercise

Question 12

what is the 9th goal of PPME

Answer 12

Meet legal and insurance requirements

Question 13

how does a bi annual PPME work

Answer 13

they do a entry medical

and exit medical

Question 14

give an example of behaviors posing a risk to health

Answer 14

smoking, drugs, alcohol, meds, bad behavior

Question 15

what is meant by “assess ophysical maturity”

Answer 15

looking for younger athletes

ex: growth paltes not fusing, have they gotten their periods, etc)

Question 16

what is needed to classify an individual as ready to participate

Answer 16

clearange by physician

Question 17

true or false: it is a good idea to do PPME in a huge gym with a lot of people

Answer 17

false, it is better to be in a calm, isolated area

Question 18

why is the PPME ideally completed by primary care physican

Answer 18

allows for easy refferals and clearange

Question 19

true or flase: PPME can be done in group formates

Answer 19

true, you can have multiple HCP like supervising physicsions, ATs physios etc

Question 20

what do teams do to acceralte the process of a PPME

Answer 20

set up stations (medical, physcial, eye exam etc)

Question 21

when is a PPME ideally completed and why

Answer 21

6 weeks before start of PA because

1) it allows time to correct problems or to be reffered to specialists
2) allows time to see all the patients without being rushed

Question 22

how is the medical hisotry usually given

Answer 22

in the form of wrriten form

Question 23

is the medical hisotry usually done before or during PPME and why

Answer 23

before to save time

Question 24

what are examples of things assessed in a medical history examination

Answer 24

Immunizations/ vaccines
Infectious diseases
LOC
Headaches
MSK injuries
Cardiovascular and respiratory questions- SOB, heart palpitations, irregular heart beat…
Seizures
Eating disorders
Contact lenses, corrective glasses
Special equipment (pads, braces, eye guards, neck rolls etc)
Family history

Question 25

during a physical exam what things are assessed

Answer 25

``` Vital Signs General Medical problems CV examination (ECG) Pulmonary examination Neurological examination Eye examination Dental examination Gastrointestinal examination Genitourinary examination Dermatological Examination Examination for Heat Disorders ```

Question 26

true or false: the pulmonary exam doesnt need to be done is CV is done

Answer 26

false, theyre usually done together

Question 27

what are you looking for in a pulmonary exam (physical signs)

Answer 27

coouhging spells, abnormal breathing sounds, assymetry ot lungs movement

Question 28

what are you looking for in a pulmonary exam (history(

Answer 28

history of allergies or asthma attacks

Question 29

during a pulmonary exam you are checking for excessive coughing during PA

Answer 29

false, also AFTER pa

Question 30

what are some exmaples of abnomral breathing sounds during pulmonary exam

Answer 30

wheezing, crackles, rhonchi, rubs, rales and abnormal breathing rates.

Question 31

what are tthe thigns you are looking for in a neurological exam

Answer 31

``` PEARLA cranial nerve assess myotomes/dermatomes deep tendon reflexes SCAT (concussion tools) ```

Question 32

what does PEARLA stand for and how is it performed

Answer 32

pupiles equal and round, reactive to light and accomdoate done with apenlight in and with both eyes

Question 33

what are some ways to assess cranial nerves

Answer 33

smile, read allowed, follow the light, periphereal, smile, hearing

Question 34

what is myotome testing

Answer 34

ability to conttract muscles in specfic location testing every vertbrea

Question 35

what is dermatone testing

Answer 35

ability to eel a sensation on skin assessing evry vert.

Question 36

true or false: SCAT can be used even without a concussion

Answer 36

true, it can be used to establish a baseline

Question 37

what is another example of a concussion assessment tool that is not SCAT

Answer 37

imPACT

Question 38

what are you doing during the eye exam

Answer 38

looking for emmetropia (20/20 vision) | check if person can read letters on the 20 ft line of the eye chart when standing 20 ft away

Question 39

what is myopia synomym

Answer 39

nearsightness

Question 40

what is myopia and what is it caused by

Answer 40

where seeing far is blurry light rays are focussed infront of retina shape of eye is more oval horizontally

Question 41

hypermetripia symnoym

Answer 41

farsightness

Question 42

what is hypermetropia and what is it caused by

Answer 42

where seeing close is blurry light rays are focussed behind retina shape of eye is oval vertically

Question 43

what is nystigmas

Answer 43

checking for cyclical mvoement of eyes | do not watn pupil to make quick rapid movements

Question 44

what is anisocoria and why is it imporant to note

Answer 44

uneven pupil size | need to note if they have this pre season since it can be a sign of head injury

Question 45

who is the dental exam usually completed by

Answer 45

dentist

Question 46

why is it good to have a dentist to the dental exam

Answer 46

they can do custom moutguards

Question 47

true or false: during dental exam you are only assessing risk of losing teeth

Answer 47

false you are also checking health of gums

Question 48

how can you check for health of gums

Answer 48

check for gingivitus bacteria tender,swollen, bleeding gums

Question 49

what are you assessing in the gastrointensitnal exam

Answer 49

checking health of digestive system, eating habits and nutrition

Question 50

why is palpating organs impornant during gastro exam

Answer 50

liver (check for help) | spleen (since the spleen is full of blood, during contract sports it can rupture and cause internal bleeding)

Question 51

what is imporant to check in weight control sports

Answer 51

flag for eating disorders

Question 52

what are you looking for in females during gastrourinary exam

Answer 52

checking for menstral hisotry (risk for osteopenia, stress fractures, osteoportis) -pregnancy

Question 53

what are you lookiing for in males for gastrourinary tests

Answer 53

injury to testes, number of tetes, any massess

Question 54

what organ is assessed during gastrourinarty

Answer 54

kidney (warned with risk of contract sports)

Question 55

dermatological exams are the most important for what kinds of sports

Answer 55

contact sports

Question 56

what are you hcecking for during a dermatological exam

Answer 56

contagious lesions

Question 57

what are some examples of contragious legions

Answer 57

herpes simplex (cold sores) impetigo tinea capitis/corporis (ringworm rash)

Question 58

true or false: heat exams aren important in sports

Answer 58

false they are especially important in activities that take place under high temp, high humidiity or combo

Question 59

what hisotry are you looking for during heat disorder exam

Answer 59

history of cramping, sympcompe, exahustions, heat stroke, sick cell trait

Question 60

why is someone with sick cell anemia need to be identified during exam

Answer 60

since they are at risk for dehydration or sickle cell episode

Question 61

why are examining medications during the heat exam important

Answer 61

because some can affect bodys ability to realse heat (antihistamine) or can dehydrate someone

Question 62

what are some things testest during physical fitness profile

Answer 62

``` Anthropometry and body composition Maturation and growth spurts may affect participation Male 14years, females 12years Affect balance, flexibility Flexibility Strength, Power and Speed Agility, Balance and Reaction Time Cardiovascular Endurance ```

Question 63

who determines level of participating based on findigns

Answer 63

physician

Question 64

what 3 questions do phyiscians ask when clearign an individual

Answer 64

Will the condition increase risk of injury to athlete or other participants? Can participation be allowed if medication, rehabilitation, or protective bracing or padding is used? If clearance is denied for a particular activity, are there other activities in which the individual can participate?