Lecture 4 - Respiratory Viruses Flashcards by Chris Robert

Adenovirus is only virus with ______

A fiber in each of its vertices

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The _______fiber is ______ to cell

adenovirus, toxic

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Adenovirus genome, capsid shape, and envelope

dsDNA, icosahedral, NONenveloped

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Adenovirus contains ___on penton base

Hemagglutinin

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Adenovirus genome contains _______.

Inverted terminal repititions

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Adenovirus replication occurs in the _____

nucleus

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Adenovirus has the same receptor as _____

Coxsackie B (CAR)

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Adenovirus enters cell via ______. This happens due to….

ENDOCYTOSIS, due to interaction between PENTON BASE and AV integrins

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Adenovirus transcription is a ______ phase event. What are they?

2 phase. (EARLY and LATE)

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Adenovirus early phase is before ______

DNA replication

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Adenovirus uses ____ to make mRNA

host RNA polymerase

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Early adenovirus mRNA’s =

“E” - 1a, 1b, 2, 3, 4

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Adeno Intermediate Early genes =

E1a and E1b. Their products are needed for transcription of other delayed genes (E2-4)

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All early genes are involved in… (3 processes)

DNA synthesis, Altering host expression, Transcription of LATE GENES

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Early proteins (from early genes) in adenovirus help block ________

CTL response

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Adeno Clinical Presentations (5)

ACUTE RESP DISEASE, OCULAR DISEASE (Pharyngoconjunctival fever, Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis), ACUTE HEM. CYSTITIS, GASTROENTERITIS, INFECTIONS

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Acute respiratory diseases caused by which adenoviruses

1 2 5 6

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Acute respiratory diseases are mostly _______

nonsymptomatic

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Adeno transmission

sputum + oral secretion

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Adeno Sx

Fever, rhinorrhea, cough, sore throat.

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Adenovirus is major cause of ______

OTITIS MEDIA and tonsilitis

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Adenovirus - related ARD widespread in what specific population? What serotypes?

Military recruits – Serotype 4 and 7

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Adenovirus “supercold” serotype

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Pharyngoconjunctival fever Adenovirus strains and buzzwords

3 4 7, summercamps, pool fever

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Adenovirus Pharyngoconjunctivits eventually...

spreads to the other eye

Adeno Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis strains

8 19 37

Adeno keratoconjunctivitis inubation

8 days

Adeno keratoconjunctivitis presents...

bilaterally

Adeno keratoconjunctivitis may result in

residual scarring and visual impairment

Adeno acute hemorrhagic cystitis serotypes

11 + 21

Adeno acute hemorrhagic cystitis Presentation

Dysuria, HEMATURIA

Adeno Gastroenteritis Serotypes

40 + 42

Common cause of infantile diarrhea in daycare?

Adenoviral Gastroenteritis

Adeno may cause infections in IC patients with..

Transplant, T cell depletion, AB therapy, Lymphopenia

Adeno infection in IC patients can cause _____ which is associated with ___________ in more than 90% if cases

Nephritis, Acute renal failure

Adeno can be transmitted via what (2) routes?

DROPLETS (respiratory) and FECAL-ORAL (GI infctn).... Also can be from hand to eye or from poorly Chlorinated pools

Adenovirus is capable of causing _____ or _____ infection

Lytic or Latent

Adeno Lytic infection infects ___, ____, and _____ cells, which causes _______

Mucoepithelial, Gastrointestinal, Conjunctival cells, causes CELL DAMAGE

Adeno causes ______ (in rats), in which viral DNA does what?

Oncogenic Transformation, virus DNA integrates in host DNA

Adenovirus is a _______ virus, so it is more resistant

naked

Adenovirus is most common in _____ and _______

children and military recruits

Adenovirus treatment, and vaccine?

No treatment -- LIVE ATTENUATED vaccine has been discontinued

Coronavirus enveloped or not?

Enveloped

Corona genome (type and segmented?)

ss+RNA, non segmented

Corona capsid shape

Helical

Corona envelope appearance

club shaped glycoproteins (SPIKE, ENVELOPE, MEMRANE proteins)

Corona "Spike" protein function

receptor binding and cell fusion

Corona "Membrane" protein structure and function

Transmembrane, for budding and envelope formation

Corona replicates in the ___

cytoplasm

Replication process for Coronavirus: Steps 1 and 2

S protein binds to Aminopeptidase N and a SIALIC ACID containing receptor..... Virus is ENDOCYTOSED

Replication process for Coronavirus: Steps 3 -5

3. Protein synthesis - Early and late phases. 4. Genome associates with rER membrane. 5. Vesicles migrate to surface and are released

Replication process for Coronavirus: Its uses what enzyme? What are it's products?

RNA dependent RNA polymerase. Produces full length NEGATIVE RNA template and SIX individual mRNA's for other Coronavirus proteins

Coronavirus causes ________ (generally)

common cold (URTI)

URTI from coronavirus is a _______ illness

self limited, contagious

Coronavirus replicates best at what temps?

33-35 degrees Celsius

Coronavirus pathogenesis: Infected cell appearance

Vacuolated, damaged cilia, syncitia

Viral load curve during coronavirus infection is followed by curve for __________

Interferon response

_______ is slowly produced after interferon response (in coronavirus infection)

Antibody

Coronavirus is _____% of URTI. Only ______ cause more.

10-15%. Rhinoviruses

Despite antibodies to coronavirus, _______ is possible

reinfection

_______ helps coronavirus survive the GI tract for ________ transmission

Glycoprotein "Corona", Fecal-oral

Coronavirus control

none

SARS transmitted via

respiratory droplets

SARS begins with

high fever and PNA in most cases

SARS Sx (5)

Fever, Ache, dry cough, PNA, Diarrhea in 10-20%

SARS causes _________ by which three methods?

Tissue damage caused by 1. Direct LYTIC effects 2. Syncitial GIANT cells 3. Indirect IMMUNE RESPONSE

Coronavirus found in areas with lots of ______

animal species

SARS was introduced to humans how? How do we know this?

From ANIMALS. No Antibodies in people who did not have SARS

Picornavirus genera that have relevance to humans?

Entero, Rhino, Hep A

Rhinovirus have ______ serotypes that exhibit

over 100 serotypes, no geographic pattern

Rhinovirus Genome

ss+RNA

Rhinovirus Capsid shape

Icosahedral (small)

Rhinovirus enveloped or not?

No envelope (naked)

Rhinovirus replicates in the

cytoplasm

Rhinovirus RNA translated into ______

polyprotein that becomes ENZYMATIC and STRUCTURAL proteins

Most rhinoviruses are _______

cytolytic

Which are more common with rhinoviruses, upper RTIs or Lower RTIs

URTIs

First symptom of rhinovirus

Nasal irritation

____ is largely absent in rhinovirus infection

Fever

Complications of rhinoviruses

Acute Otitis Media (bacterial), and Exacerbation of Asthma

Rhinovirus has a __% infection rate for those exposed

95% (75% become ill)

Viruses inefficient at ____ when temp's reach _____

Replication, 33'C

Rhinovirus can not survive in the _______

GI tract

Incubation time for rhinovirus is

8-10 hrs

Cause of rhinovirus mucosal symptoms is due to

Immune response (IFN gamma and IL-8 stimulate a CYTOKINE cascade)

Lecture 4 - Respiratory Viruses Flashcards

(85 cards)