Lecture 4A

Question 1

Group of individuals from the same species (or with a relatively close degree of genetic relationship) that lives in the same geographic area that actually or potentially interbreeds

Answer 1

MENDELIAN POPULATION

Question 2

A unit of organisms capable of sexual reproduction; Each pair of organisms has the chance to have at least one common offspring

Answer 2

MENDELIAN POPULATION

Question 3

Members of species often range over a wide geographic area

Answer 3

MENDELIAN POPULATION

Question 4

Two populations belong to the same biological species if environmental conditions exist under which two populations behave like a single population

Answer 4

BIOLOGICAL SPECIES

Question 6

Genetically defined unit of reproduction

Answer 6

BIOLOGICAL SPECIES

Question 7

Organisms with similar trait expressions, usually morphological features identical

Answer 7

BOTANICAL SPECIES

Question 8

Gene flow within tropical forests:
– Restricted even if same botanical species
– Many botanical species are not biological species
– Even different botanical species may belong to same
biological species (‘hybridization” frequent)

Answer 8

BOTANICAL SPECIES

Question 9

Gene flow within tropical forests

Answer 9

– Restricted even if same botanical species
– Many botanical species are not biological species
– Even different botanical species may belong to same
biological species (‘hybridization” frequent)

Question 10

Both species concepts are non-identical and frequently lead to different conclusions regarding species borders (T / F)

Answer 10

true

Question 11

Both species concepts are identical and frequently lead to different conclusions regarding species borders (T / F)

Answer 11

false - non-identical

Question 12

Both species concepts are non-identical and always lead to different conclusions regarding species borders (T / F)

Answer 12

false - frequent

Question 13

It is often difficult to prove that two organisms belong to the same biological species or even to the same population (T / F)

Answer 13

true

Question 14

It is often difficult to prove that two organisms belong to the same biological species or even to the same population (T / F)

Answer 14

true

Question 15

It is often easy to prove that two organisms belong to the same biological species or even to the same population (T / F)

Answer 15

false - difficult

Question 16

The distinction of populations requires certain knowledge of important aspects of the

Answer 16

genetic system

Question 17

For complete self-fertilization, each organism is regarded
as a

Answer 17

single, closed population

Question 18

the realized gene flow via pollen or seeds
will be crucial for the delineation of populations

Answer 18

outcrossing

Question 19

The distinction of populations is often possible if

Answer 19

the distribution area of a species is disconnected and populations are small.

Question 20

The distinction of populations is difficult for

Answer 20

for tree species with a large, continuous distribution and particularly problematical in species-rich tropical forests – the “meta- population” concept

Question 22

EVOLUTION: Macro

Answer 22

Speciation

Question 23

EVOLUTION: Micro

Answer 23

Change in allele frequencies over time

Question 24

EVOLUTION: Two aspects are often neglected

Answer 24

1. Most evolutionary chance occurs within species and does not lead to the development of a new species.
2. Evolution is a permanent process which can directly be
   observed by suitable experiments.

Question 25

Biological evolution is based on

Answer 25

variation within species or populations

Question 26

based on heritable variation within species or populations

Answer 26

Biological evolution

Question 27

change of the genetic structures of a population, and are brought about by evolutionary factors.

Answer 27

Evolution

Question 28

Evolution

Answer 28

change of the genetic structures of a population, and are brought about by evolutionary factors.