Lecture 5

Question 1

What is the main cause of genetic variation

Answer 1

DNA replication

Question 2

What are the two steps of DNA replication

Answer 2

Initiation
Elongation

Question 3

What is initiation step

Answer 3

Activation of the origin to rise two replication forks

Question 4

What is elongation step

Answer 4

Polymerisation do the DNA strands

Question 5

DNA replication require what to start

Answer 5

Joining of pre-replication complex and bind of protein to the origin recognition complexe

Question 6

When cdt1 and cdc6 bind to the DNA which molecule come and what did it do

Answer 6

MCM and unwind the DNA

Question 7

Whey does MCM unwind the DNA

Answer 7

To allow access of replication mo,ecu,e to enter and start the replication

Question 8

What does DNA polymerases do

Answer 8

Add nucleotide

Question 9

Where does DNA polymerase add nucleotide

Answer 9

At the 3 end of the DNA

Question 10

What does DNA polymerase require to function

Answer 10

Primer ( RNA ) and 3’OH group

Question 11

What is the direction of DNA polymerase

Answer 11

5 to 3 direction

Question 12

OKAZAKI fragments are joined by

Answer 12

DNA ligases enzyme

Question 13

When the DNA is unwind which enzyme start to function

Answer 13

Primase

Question 14

What does primase do

Answer 14

Add primer to the DNA strand

Question 15

What is the lagging strand

Answer 15

Uncontinouce synthesis

Question 16

DNA polymerase has error correcting function what does it called

Answer 16

Proofreading activity

Question 17

The wrong nucleotide is replaced by

Answer 17

Exonuclease 3’ to 5’ action

Question 18

What does the centrosone composed of

Answer 18

2 centrioles

Question 19

Centrioles contains

Answer 19

Microtubline

Question 20

Microtublules contain

Answer 20

Tubulin and centrin

Question 21

Centrosome is surrounded by

Answer 21

Precentriolar material

Question 22

Precentriolar material contain

Answer 22

Gamma tubulin

Question 23

G1/S check point check for what

Answer 23

Growth
DNA replication
DNA integrity
Cellular integrity

Question 24

At G1/S check point the cell has three options mention them

Answer 24

Divide , delay division and exit the cell cycle

Question 25

When the cell exit the cell cycle it goes to ?

Answer 25

G0 phase

Question 26

If the cell passed the check point ( G1/S) what action happen in term of cyclin and cdk

Answer 26

Cyclin D interact with cdk4 and phosphorylation of Rb protein and then cyclinE and cdk 2 interact and phosphorylation of Rb protein which will release E2F that promote expression of S phase

Question 27

What is p53

Answer 27

Tumor suppressor protein

Question 28

What p53 function

Answer 28

Stop the cell with damaged DNA to enter S phase

Question 29

50% of cancer patient has ……… mutation

Answer 29

p53

Question 30

what is p21

Answer 30

Cyclin kinase inhibitor

Question 31

What are the factors in G1/S check point

Answer 31

p53 and p21

Question 32

Meta phase check point check what

Answer 32

If the chromatid are attached to the mitosis spindle

Question 33

What is the location of chromatid binding called

Answer 33

Kinetochre

Question 34

What is the thing that release negative signals to stop the cell from entering anaphase

Answer 34

Unattached kinetochre

Question 35

What is the factor in meta phase check point

Answer 35

cbc20 anaphase promoting complex

Question 36

What inhibit G1/S cdk

Answer 36

Damaged DNA

Question 37

What inhibit M-cdk

Answer 37

Damaged DNA and unreplicated DNA

Question 38

What inhibit cdc20 anaphase promoting complex

Answer 38

Unattached chromosome ( chromatid ) to the mitotic spindle