Lecture 7 Flashcards
(32 cards)
Cancer is caused by combination of …… and ……. Change
Genetic , epigenetic
Genes are mad up by
Sequence of DNA
Genes contain…….. for making …… that express specific ……….
Information, protein . Traits
DNA …. To RNA , RNA ……. mRNA , RNA ……. To protein
Transcribed, splicing , translocation
Genetic change is and ……….. change to the ………. Of the ………
Irreversible , genetic material , tumor cell
Epigenetic change is an …….. change
Reversible
What may cause genetic change
Single point mutation , gross chromosomal rearrangements
What may cause epigenetic change
DNA methylation, histones modification
Type of single point mutation
Nonsense mutation , missense mutation , silent mutation
Nonsense mutation cause
Inappropriate termination of translation
What nonsense mutation cause to the protein
Shorten the protein
What missense cause
Encodes different amino acid
What missense mutation cause to the protein
Result in non-functional protein or hyperactive protein
Methylated DNA can not be ……. ( and verse verse )
Transcribed
What cause methylated DNA
DNA methyltransferase
What cause demethylated DNA
DNA demethylase
What cause histone acetylated
Histone acetyltransferase
What are the two type of gene that are changed in cancer
Oncogenes and tumor suppressor gens ( TSG)
Types of oncogenes
RAS , MYC , ABL
Types of TSG
P53 , RB , BRCA1,2
BRCA1,2 cause ?
Breast cancer
To mutate oncogenes need how many mutated allel
One
To get mutated TSG need how many mutated allele
2
Mutation of RAS will result in not giving what
GTPase
