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Theory Quiz 2 > Lecture 5 > Flashcards

Lecture 5 Flashcards

1
Q

environmental appraisals general defintion

A

personal impressions of place

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2
Q

environmental appraisal 6 personal impressions

A
  1. descriptions
  2. evaluations
  3. judgments of beauty
  4. emotional reactions
  5. meanings
  6. risk
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3
Q

when we make evaluations and preferences about environments, we are asking what?

A

is it good? is it better?

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4
Q

personal influences on evaluations and preferences are …

A

dependent on persons background (age, gender, culture)

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5
Q

wilder landscapes preferred more by ___ __ & ____ prefer more rich vegetated/warmer scenes

A

young adults
women

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6
Q

are familiar landscapes more preferred?

A

NOT ALWAYS

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7
Q

physical influences on evaluations and preferences - conclusions

A

rooms with windows more appealing

square over rectangle

higher than usual ceilings preferred

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8
Q

physical influences on evaluations and preferences - Berlynes collative properties - congruity and contrast

A

individual difference among observes more impactful in preference in scenes LOW TO MEDIUM in both

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9
Q

physical influences on evaluations and preferences - Berlynes collative properties - complexity, coherence, novelty

A

most preferred is MODERATE COMPLEXITY

DEVELOPMENT

CONTRAST

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10
Q

physical influences on evaluations and preferences - Jack Nasar’s 3 relevant qualities

A
  1. formal qualities - complexity and order
  2. symbolic quality - style
  3. schemas - mental codification of experience - typicality = usual or unusual?
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11
Q

pleasant building will show 3 things

A

orderliness

moderate complexity

familiar styles

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12
Q

exciting building will show 3 things

A

low orderliness

complex

atypical

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13
Q

physical influences on evaluations and preferences - prospect refuge theory

A

people prefer edges between open and closed areas

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14
Q

fractals

A

imperfect elements repeated in similar shapes but different sizes

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15
Q

Perceiver-Environment approach - Stephen and Rachel Kaplan

A

preference for settings from evolutionary past & in adaptive value offered

prefer sites allowing us to accomplish central human goals

base preference on whats important to us and consequences of choices (cognitive affordances)

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16
Q

Perceiver-Environment approach - Stephen and Rachel Kaplan - coherence

A

making sense immediately

ease with which scene cognitively organized

17
Q

Perceiver-Environment approach - Stephen and Rachel Kaplan - complexity

A

being involved immediately

capacity to keep indiv busy

18
Q

Perceiver-Environment approach - Stephen and Rachel Kaplan - legibility

A

promise of making sense in future

environment could be explored without getting lost

19
Q

Perceiver-Environment approach - Stephen and Rachel Kaplan - mystery

A

promise of future involvement

one could learn more, interact more, be further occupied in space if entered

20
Q

Perceiver-Environment approach - Stephen and Rachel Kaplan preference framework (conclusions)

A

preferred = more mystery

more complexity

more coherence

21
Q

the four main ___ ____ may not be entirely independent of each other

A

cognitive affordances

22
Q

aesthetic appraisals varies with….

A

culture

evolutionary

individual experience

beauty is in the eye of the beholder

23
Q

appraisals of ____, ____, and ____ feelings overlap

A

quality
beauty
pleasant

24
Q

Russell and Mehrabian Emotional response to settings: general

A

emotions, pleasure, arousal independent from on another

environmental & personality variables influence level of emotion experienced

resulting emotions influence desire to approach or avoid setting

25
Q

Russell and Mehrabian Emotional response to settings - pleasure arousal hypothesis

A

indivs approach physical settings that are MODERATELY arousing, MAXIMALLY pleasurable

26
Q

meanings - 4 processes

A
  1. place attachment
  2. ideological communication
  3. personal communication
  4. architectural purpose
27
Q

place attachment defintion

A

richness of meaning that develops with great familiarity

one’s personal identity become inextricably bound with place

28
Q

ideological communication

A

buildings reflect ideals and aspirations of those who construct them

29
Q

code

A

certain stylistic elements signify/imply certain philosophies/values

30
Q

personal communication

A

style and materials of buildings we live/work in “say” something about us

31
Q

architectural purpose

A

the way function and form understood by everyday observers

place meaning linked to planned activities

32
Q

risk appraisal person based influences (6)

A
  1. ethnic background
  2. gender, educational level
  3. perceived control
  4. dispositional anxiety
  5. distance from
  6. degree of environ activism concern
33
Q

risk appraisal: experts must cease dismissing laypersons appraisals as ____ and begin understanding what is behind their ___

A

irrational

fears

34
Q

___ helps to discern whether or not scene has prospect and refuge qualities

A

LIGHT

35
Q

environmental assessments: appraisals v assessments

A

appraisal = person centered - emotion, meaning, concern, preference

assessment = place centered - properties of setting, quality

36
Q

environmental assessments: 4 paradigms

A

expert - eval by trainer observers

psychophysical - power to predict judgments of environs lies in scene rather than observer

cognitive - human processing of info from environ

humanistic/experiential - assessment by active, sensitive observer (phenomenological approach)

Theory Quiz 2 (3 decks)

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