Lecture 5 Flashcards
(20 cards)
What are examples of gram + anaerobic infections?
Actinomyces
Peptostreptococcus
Propionibacterium
How do gram + anaerobic infections present as?
Abscess formation with tissue necrosis
Suppurative/purulent
Foul odor of pus or infected tissue
Site of infection near where anaerobic flora reside
Often polymicrobial
How do diagnose gram + anaerobic infections?
CXR with aspiration pneumonia
Abdominal/Pelvic CT with intra-abdominal abscess
How do we treat gram + anaerobic infections with lung abscess?
Beta-lactam plus a beta-lactam inhibitor
ampicillin-sulbactam (Unasyn) or
Carbapenem (imipenem or meropenem)
clindamycin
How do we treat gram + anaerobic infections in dental procedures?
PCN or amoxicillin
how do we treat gram + anaerobic infections in dental and minor procedures of endocarditis prophylaxis?
Amoxicillin
What is the most common species causing clostridial soft tissue infections?
C perfringens
What are S/S of C perfringens infection?
Cellulitis
Myositis
Clostridial myonecrosis (gas gangrene)
Why do we give pip/taz for treatment of clostridial soft tissue infection?
To also treat for pseudomonas
What are characteristics of C. perfringens Gastroenteritis?
Found in feces, soil, air, water
Produces an enterotoxin that can become ingested
What are characteristics of C. perfringens Gastroenteritis?
Found in feces, soil, air, water
Produces an enterotoxin that can become ingested
What are characteristics of C tetanus tetanus?
Produce spores
Found in soil
Transmitted after injury via wound or burns
IVDU(intravenous drug use)
How does tetanus present as?
Jaw stiffness
Difficulty swallowing
Stiff neck, arms, legs
HA
Tonic muscle spasm
Difficulty opening jaw(trimus)
Respiratory failure due to spasms of diaphragm/laryngeal spasm
How do we prevent tetanus?
Immunization
Where can we get botulism from?
Contaminated foods (home-canned food, commercial foods)
Direct injection(needles) or through wounds
What are symptoms of botulism?
Dry mouth
Slurred speech
Dysphagia(painful swallowing)
Blurred vision
Drooping eyelids
Respiratory failure
N/V
Abdominal cramps
How do we diagnose botulism?
Culture(stool, wound, or contaminated food source)
Toxin assays(only in health departments or CDC)
What are symptoms of c dif?
Diarrhea, frequent, watery and sometimes bloody
Abdominal cramping, tenderness and bloating
N/V rare
What are symptoms of c dif?
Diarrhea, frequent, watery and sometimes bloody
Abdominal cramping, tenderness and bloating
N/V rare
How do we diagnose c dif?
Stool sample
Fecal leukocytes present
Sigmoidoscopy(shows presence of pseudomembranes)
Radiographic imaging
