Lecture 5 Flashcards
(46 cards)
What are 5 functions of the skeletal system?
- Provide supporting framework
- Move the body
- Store minerals and adipose
- Produce blood cells
- Protect organs
What is bone?
A living tissue complete with bloods supply and nerves.
What type of tissue makes up bone?
Connective tissue
What does connective tissue generally have large amounts of?
Extracellular material
What are bone cells called?
Osterocytes
What is the mineralized matrix?
A framework of the protein collagen surrounded by calcium and phosphate.
What is collagen used for?
Reinforcement
What is the matrix used for?
Like the cement in the reinforced matrix.
What does collagen do for the bone?
Gives it its characteristic flexibility and contributes to its ability to resist pulling and stretching forces.
What happens to collagen with aging?
It is steadily lost and bones become more brittle.
What is collagen the main component of?
Ligaments and tendons
What makes up the majority of bone weight (60-70%)?
Calcium and phosphate
What do calcium and phosphate do for the bone?
Provide much of its stiffness and resistance to pressing or squeezing forces.
What type of porosity does cortical bone have?
Low porosity
What type of porosity does spongy bone have?
High porosity
What type of bone is more resistent to higher impact forces?
Spongy bone
In what ways does bone react to stresses?
Increases/decrease in density, remodels, and changes shape
What are 5 categories of bones?
- Short bones
- Long bones
- Flat bones
- Irregular bones
- Sesamoid bones
What are short bones good for?
Shock absorbers
What are some examples of short bones?
Bones of the ankle and the wrist
What are long bones used as?
Levers of moevment
What are long bones?
Any bone whose length greatly exceeds its diameter
What are some examples of long bones?
Femur and humerus
What are flat bones used for?
To protect underlying organs
