LECTURE 5.1: ARISTOTLE

Question 1

He is a Naturalist and Teleologist.

Answer 1

Aristotle

Question 2

Brightest student of Plato

Answer 2

Aristotle

Question 3

Where did Aristotle go to voluntary be exiled?

Answer 3

Chalcis, Euboea

Question 4

Father of Biology (first classified plants and animals)

Answer 4

Aristotle

Question 5

Aristotle’s own academy

Answer 5

The Lyceum

Question 6

‘purpose’ or ‘goal’

Answer 6

Telos

Question 7

What is/are the doctrine of potentiality/ies of plants?

Answer 7

Nutritive

Question 8

What is/are the doctrine of potentiality/ies of animals?

Answer 8

Nutritive and Sentient

Question 9

What is/are the doctrine of potentiality/ies of man?

Answer 9

Nutritive, Sentient, and Rational

Question 10

“The ______ _____ is happiness.”

Answer 10

Supreme Good

Question 11

Other word for happiness

Answer 11

Eudaemonia

Question 12

What are the characteristics of happiness?

Answer 12

Self-sufficient and Final

Question 13

It means it renders life desirable and lacking in nothing.

Answer 13

Self-sufficient

Question 14

It means “an end in itself.”

Answer 14

Final

Question 15

Two types of Virtue

Answer 15

Intellectual Virtue and Moral Virtue

Question 16

This virtue is an exercise in your rational principles from which rational behavior can proceed.

Answer 16

Intellectual Virtue

Question 17

This virtue is an exercise of the mean for feelings.

Answer 17

Moral Virtue

Question 18

This is the midpoint between two vices. (excess and deficiency)

Answer 18

The Golden Mean

Question 19

“Virtue is a settled ________ of the mind as regards the choice of actions and emotion consisting in the ________ of the mean relative to us, this being determined by ________.”

Answer 19

disposition ; observance ; principle

Question 20

Requirement for the attainment of virtue.

Answer 20

It is an activity that requires a complete lifetime.

Question 21

For one swallow does not make a _______, nor does one fine day, similarly, one day or a brief period of happiness does not make a man supremely ________ and _______.”

Answer 21

summer ; blessed ; happy

Question 22

How do you exercise the mean for feelings and actions?

Answer 22

To feel the feelings at the right TIME, on the right OCCASION, towards the right PEOPLE, for the right PURPOSE, and in the right MANNER.

Question 23

“We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence, then, is not an act, but a ______.”

Answer 23

habit

Question 24

WHAT ARE THE FOUR CAUSES?

Answer 24

1. Material cause
2. Formal cause
3. Final cause
4. Efficient cause

Question 25

The stuff out of which something is made (e.g. clay as the material for the sculpture)

Answer 25

Material Cause

Question 26

The defining characteristics of the thing (e.g. shape)

Answer 26

Formal Cause

Question 27

The purpose of the thing.

Answer 27

Final Cause

Question 28

The antecedent condition that brought the thing about. (e.g. artist or creator)

Answer 28

Efficient Cause

Question 29

A primary cause (or first uncaused cause) or “mover” of all the motion in the universe.

Answer 29

Primary Mover/Unmoved Mover

Question 30

Who created the “The 5 Proofs for the Existence of God”?

Answer 30

St. Thomas Aquinas

Question 31

WHAT ARE THE 5 PROOFS FOR THE EXISTENCE OF GOD?

Answer 31

1. Argument from Motion 2. Argument from Efficient Causes 3. Argument from Possibility and Necessity (Reductio argument) or Contingency Argument 4. Argument from Gradation of Being 5. Argument from Design

Question 32

Which argument concludes that “it is necessary to arrive at a first mover, put in motion by no other; and this everyone understands to be God.”?

Answer 32

Argument from Motion

Question 33

Which argument concludes that “it is necessary to admit a first efficient cause, to which everyone gives the name of God.”?

Answer 33

Argument from Efficient Causes

Question 34

Which argument concludes that “some being exists of its own necessity, and does not receive its existence from another being, but rather causes them. This all men speak of as God.”?

Answer 34

Argument from Possibility and Necessity (Reductio argument) or contingency argument

Question 35

Which argument concludes that “there must also be something which is to all beings the cause of their being, with goodness, and every other perfection (e.g. the greatest good is God).”?

Answer 35

Argument from Gradation of Being

Question 36

Which argument concludes that “some intelligent being exists by whom all other natural things are directed to their end; and this being we call God.”?

Answer 36

Argument from Design