lecture 5.1 policing and crime control Flashcards
(29 cards)
why was the establishment of the metropolitan police justified? what year was this?
- 1829
- justified in relation to growing concerns about crime and disorder
what did the ‘new police’ initially focus on? OMPP
focused on:
- order maintenance
- patrol and
- prevention
why were the police a key gateway to the formal criminal justice institution?
- via the location detection and prosecution of offenders who would then be punished by the courts
what remained general bedrock of police crime control activities?
the general scarecrow function of uniformed patrol remained bedrock of police crime control activities
when was the specialist detective squad established?
- not until late 19th century
1877 metropolitan police CID
what was a key feature from the foundation of modern police services?
popular and political association of the police with crime control was a key feature from foundation of modern police services
myth of police crime control: findings from empirical research 1960-1990s
- majority of police time spent on non-crime matters
-most crime not reported to police - majority of crime control is actually achieved via network of informal/ community controls
- a very small proportion of those crimes that do come to police attention result in detection/ prosecution
- majority of ‘solved’ cases are down to info provided by public, or are self solving rather than through traditioanl detective methods
majority of police crime is spent on …. matters
non crime
majority of crime control is actually achieved via…
network of informal/ community controls
what proportion of crime that does come to police attention results in detection/ prosecution
very small proportion
majority of solved cases are down to info provided by…
provided by the public or are self solving rather than through traditional detective methods
classic research studes emphasised limited effectivnesss of ….
traditional policing in reducing crime
what percentage of attrition in criminal process is committed
100%
what percentage of attrition in criminal process is reported
42%
4 non crime police functions
- breadth of the police mandate
- order maintenance
- emergency response
- general social service functions
what is order maintenance police functions
- keeping the peace in small (neighbour disputes)
- keeping peace in large scale situations (mass public disorder)
what emergency responses are non-crime police functions
- traffic accidents
- natural disasters
- citizens in trouble
what general social service functions do police do?
- reassurance
-problem solving - helping public
- giving directions
- dealing with missing persons
- supporting vulnerable people
police as …. public service
omnibus
how do police fit into culture of control
- political definition of police as crime fighters
- policing innovations
- the police as CJS gatekeepers
what 3 political definitions of police as crime fighters
- conservative reforms from 1990s on to increase police effectiveness in reducing crime
- tough on crime, tough on causes of crime - new labour position presented police as key to crime reduction
- the main job of the police is to catch criminals - home office 2010
3 types of policing innovations
- zero tolerance/ broken windows policing - vigorous policing of minor crimes/ disorders leading to falls in more serious crime
- smart policing -hotspots, crime pattern analysis, directing limited police resources to key places and times where crimes occur
- saturation policing following terrorist incidents - impact on general crime rates
what is zero tolerance/ broken windows policing?
vigorous policing of minor crimes/ disorders leading to falls in more serious crime
what is smart policing?
- hotspots
- crime pattern analysis
- directing limited police resources to key places and times where crime occur
