Lecture 6 - Management of Acute Intoxication

Question 1

Most common cause of death in poisoned patients?

Answer 1

CNS depression

Question 2

a _____ is a group of signs or symptoms that provide clues to the diagnosis of poisoning

Answer 2

toxidrome

Question 3

anticholinergic toxicity:

_____ as a hare, ____ as a bone, ___ as a beet, ____ as a bat, ____ as a hatter, ____ as a flask

Answer 3

hot (increased temp);
dry (decreased sweating);
red (vasodilation);
blind (cycloplegia);
mad (confusion, disorientation);
full (urinary retention)

Question 4

name a cause of anticholinergic toxicity? (besides atropine)

Answer 4

jimson weed/belladona;

also TCAs, first gen anti-histamines

Question 5

cholinergic toxidrome:
D =
U = 
M = 
B =

Answer 5

diarrhea;
urinartion;
miosis;
bronchospasm;

Question 6

cholinergic toxidrome:
B =
E =
L = 
S =
S =

Answer 6

bradycardia, 
excitation of skeletal muscle/CNS;
Lacrimation;
sweating;
salivation

Question 7

name a cause of AchEsterase toxicity?

Answer 7

organophosphates (pesticides)

Question 8

how do you treat anti-cholinergic toxicity?

Answer 8

physostigmine

Question 9

treatment of cholinesterase inhibitor toxicity (2 drugs)

Answer 9

atropine + pralidoxime

Question 10

what does pralidoxime do?

Answer 10

causes release of organophosphates via bond cleavage

Question 11

opioid toxidrome (triad)

Answer 11

resp depression, miosis, altered mental status

Question 12

sympathomimetic toxidrome:

____ bp, ____ hr, _____ (pupil), ____ sweating

Answer 12

increased, increased;
mydriasis (Dilation);
increased

agitation

Question 13

how do you differentiate between sedative hypnotic overdose and opioid overdose?

Answer 13

opiods cause miosis

Question 14

sedative hypnotics:

____ bp, ____ RR, _____ HR

Answer 14

decrease in all

Question 15

why isn’t flumazenil used more to treat benzo overdose?

Answer 15

seizures and arrhythmia risk