Lecture 6: Vegetative Growth and Development - 10/11 Flashcards
Three tissue types
Dermal tissue system, vascular tissue system, and ground tissue system
Dermal tissue system
Function: protection from the environment and water loss
a) epidermis
b) periderm or bark
Vascular tissue system
Function: conduction of water, nutrients, sugars, and hormones throughout the plant
a) xylem
b) phloem
Ground tissue system
Function: storage, support, filler tissue, and site of photosynthesis
a) cortex
b) rays
c) pith
d) mesophyll
What are the 4 phases of plant growth?
1) Seed germination
2) Vegetative growth
3) Flower development
4) Fruit development + seed dispersal
Tillers
Branches that develop from axillary buds at the lower nodes of a grass
Function of leaves
1) Photosynthesis
2) Synthesize organic molecules and hormones
3) Pulls water up through the plant by evapotranspiration
Four types of meristematic cells
1) Apical
2) Plate + marginal
3) Intercalary
4) Basal
Two types of cambium
1) Vascular
2) Cork
Plate + marginal meristems
Occur at the edges of leaves and give rise to increasing leaf size while maintaining leaf thickness
Intercalary meristems
Allows growth and elongation of the internodes and leaves. Found in the pith of stems and produce more vascular bundles.
Only found in monocots
Basal meristems
Continues to produce more cells at the base of modified leaves
How do cells in the vascular cambium divide?
They either undergo radial or tangential divisions
Radial divisions increase the circumference of the vascular cambium whereas tangential divisions add layers to the xylem and phloem
Tropism
A response of a plant to an environmental stimulus. Requires perception, transduction, and response
Photomorphogenesis
Modify plant structure in response to quality and quantity of light
